Skin Vaccination Methods: Gene Gun, Jet Injector, Tattoo Vaccine, and Microneedle

Kim, Yeu‐Chun

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-53273-7_30

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Less known is the fact that tattoo machines have been adapted for intradermal injections to evenly inject into a large area of the skin, dividing effectively the dose in smaller portions [10]. During the last decades, alternative cutaneous delivery methods have been developed, including transdermal delivery injections at high pressures [11] and needle-assisted jet injectors [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last decades, alternative cutaneous delivery methods have been developed, including transdermal delivery injections at high pressures [11] and needle-assisted jet injectors [12]. A liquid jet injector is a needle-free medical device that pressurises thin liquid filaments to penetrate the skin, with clear advantages over conventional injections with needles [10,[13][14][15]. Jet injectors have helped in smallpox eradication, preventing rabies, influenza, malaria, hepatitis A and B, injecting insulin and analgesics, etc [10,[14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High speed imaging of solid needle and liquid micro-jet injections

Gálvez

Pérez

Rivas

2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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High speed imaging was used to capture the fast dynamics of two injection methods. The first one and perhaps the oldest known, is based on solid needles and used for dermal pigmentation, or tattooing. The second, is a novel needle-free micro-jet injector based on thermocavitation. We performed injections in agarose gel skin surrogates, and studied both methods using ink formulations with different fluidic properties to understand better the end-point injection. Both methods were used to inject water and a glycerin-water mixture. Commercial inks were used with the tattoo machine and compared with the other liquids injected. The agarose gel was kept stationary or in motion at a constant speed, along a plane perpendicular to the needle. The agarose deformation process due to the solid needle injection was also studied. The advantages and limitations of both methods are discussed, and we conclude that micro-jet injection has better performance than solid injection when comparing several quantities for three different liquids, such as the energy and volumetric delivery efficiencies per injection, depth and width of penetrations. A newly defined dimensionless quantity, the penetration strength, is used to indicate potential excessive damage to skin surrogates. Needle-free methods, such as the micro-jet injector here presented, could reduce the environmental impact of used needles, and benefit the health of millions of people that use needles on a daily basis for medical and cosmetic use. arXiv:1811.00510v1 [physics.app-ph] 1 Nov 2018

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High speed imaging of solid needle and liquid micro-jet injections

Gálvez

Pérez

Rivas

2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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Section: Transdermalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jet injection of liquid vaccine was tested for smallpox vaccination [164] and has also been tested for measles, BCG and influenza [165][166][167][168]. In principle, nucleic acid-based vaccines can be delivered by first coating them onto gold particles and propelling them into the skin using this approach [163]. One study found that for successful delivery of particulate vaccine by biolistics, particles must be of a similar size, smaller than 70 µm, have a density above 1 g/ml and be able to maintain physical stability in the process [169].…”

Section: Transdermalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biolistics involves the use of high pressures to accelerate vaccines to velocities high enough to allow penetration of the stratum corneum and epidermal cell membranes [163]. It can be used to deliver a jet of liquid or particulate vaccines [163]. Jet injection of liquid vaccine was tested for smallpox vaccination [164] and has also been tested for measles, BCG and influenza [165][166][167][168].…”

Section: Transdermalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel approaches for the design, delivery and administration of vaccine technologies

Wallis

Shenton

Carlisle

2019

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Summary It is easy to argue that vaccine development represents humankind’s most important and successful endeavour, such is the impact that vaccination has had on human morbidity and mortality over the last 200 years. During this time the original method of Jenner and Pasteur, i.e. that of injecting live‐attenuated or inactivated pathogens, has been developed and supplemented with a wide range of alternative approaches which are now in clinical use or under development. These next‐generation technologies have been designed to produce a vaccine that has the effectiveness of the original live‐attenuated and inactivated vaccines, but without the associated risks and limitations. Indeed, the method of development has undoubtedly moved away from Pasteur’s three Is paradigm (isolate, inactivate, inject) towards an approach of rational design, made possible by improved knowledge of the pathogen–host interaction and the mechanisms of the immune system. These novel vaccines have explored methods for targeted delivery of antigenic material, as well as for the control of release profiles, so that dosing regimens can be matched to the time‐lines of immune system stimulation and the realities of health‐care delivery in dispersed populations. The methods by which vaccines are administered are also the subject of intense research in the hope that needle and syringe dosing, with all its associated issues regarding risk of injury, cross‐infection and patient compliance, can be replaced. This review provides a detailed overview of new vaccine vectors as well as information pertaining to the novel delivery platforms under development.

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The evolutionary adaptation of body art: Tattooing as costly honest signaling of enhanced immune response in American Samoa

Lynn

Howells

Herdrich

et al. 2019

American J Hum Biol

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BackgroundTattooing has been practiced globally for thousands of years. From an evolutionary perspective, this tradition seems counterintuitive because it is a dermal injury that risks infection. Previous research indicates tattooing may habituate the immune system for subsequent stress, as with exercise or vaccination, an important benefit in high‐risk areas. Visible injuries through tattooing may be a form of costly honest signaling—consciously or unconsciously drawing attention to immunological quality.ObjectivesWe tested this habituation effect of tattooing in American Samoa, where its practice is common and extensive and infectious disease rates high. We hypothesized that people with more tattoo experience would have enhanced immune response related to the stress of being tattooed. We compared total and rate of tattoo experience to determine if tattooing is more analogous to exercise or vaccination.MethodsWe measured secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), cortisol, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and tattoo experience in 25 adults receiving tattoos. We compared post‐tattoo SIgA to total and rate of tattoo experience using analyses of covariance, controlling for pre‐tattoo SIgA, tattoo duration, age, marital status, and stress and baseline health (cortisol, CRP, body mass index, and cigarette use).ResultsPost‐tattoo SIgA positively correlated with total tattoo experience (P < .05). Furthermore, when dichotomized by experience, participants with low tattoo experience showed little to no stress‐related immune change, whereas high‐experience participants exhibited elevated SIgA, suggesting habituation to repeated tattooing.ConclusionsThe historical and cultural popularity of tattooing may be partly due to honest information tattoos convey about adaptive biology, similar to physical benefits of exercise.

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Skin Vaccination Methods: Gene Gun, Jet Injector, Tattoo Vaccine, and Microneedle

Cited by 10 publications

References 113 publications

High speed imaging of solid needle and liquid micro-jet injections

High speed imaging of solid needle and liquid micro-jet injections

Novel approaches for the design, delivery and administration of vaccine technologies

The evolutionary adaptation of body art: Tattooing as costly honest signaling of enhanced immune response in American Samoa

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