Skin penetration of minerals in psoriatics and guinea-pigs bathing in hypertonic salt solutions

Shani, J.; Barak, Shlomo; Levi, Darrell E.; Ram, Mohan; Schächner, Elbio; Schlesinger, T.; Robberecht, H.; Grieken, R. Van; Avrach, W.W.

doi:10.1016/0031-6989(85)90123-7

Cited by 78 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These include mechanical, thermal and chemical effects. The chemical effects of DS therapy have been supported by in vivo and in vitro studies which show increased levels of minerals influencing cell proliferation and differentiation [8,[25][26][27]. Anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory effects involve various cell lineages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Critical Evaluation of Dead Sea Therapy in the Management of Psoriasis

Telles¹

2017

ACIM

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major disadvantage of using these reported benefits is that most trials were carried out on animal models with few trials on human patients [3,5,13,26]. The number of well designed RCT is small and hence the findings are open to question [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Evaluation of Dead Sea Therapy in the Management of Psoriasis

Telles¹

2017

ACIM

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“…However, experimental evidence available in this field is scarce. Shani et al (1985) documented a significant increase in serum concentrations of bromine, rubidium, calcium and zinc in patients with psoriatic arthritis who bathed in the Dead Sea. The penetration of the solutes is presumably influenced by the length of bathing time, the temperature of the thermal water, its composition and other factors, some of which may still be unknown.…”

Section: Mechanical Thermal and Chemical Effectsmentioning

confidence: 98%

New evidence on mechanisms of action of spa therapy in rheumatic diseases

Tenti¹,

Fioravanti²,

Guidelli³

et al. 2014

TANG [HUMANITAS MEDICINE]

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Spa represents a treatment widely used in many rheumatic diseases (RD). The mechanisms by which immersion in mineral or thermal water ameliorates RD are not fully understood. The net benefit is probably the result of a combination of factors, among which the mechanical, thermal and chemical effects are most prominent. Buoyancy, immersion, resistance and temperature play important roles. According to the gate theory, pain relief may be due to the pressure and temperature of the water on skin; heat may reduce muscle spasm and increase the pain threshold. Mud-bath therapy increases plasma β-endorphin levels and secretion of corticotrophin, cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin. It has recently been demonstrated that thermal mud-bath therapy induces a reduction in circulating levels of prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α, important mediators of inflammation and pain. Furthermore, balneotherapy has been found to cause an increase in insulin-like growth factor-1, which stimulates cartilage metabolism, and transforming growth factor-β. Beneficial anti-inflammatory and anti-degenerative effects of mineral water were confirmed in chondrocytes cultures, too. Various studies in vitro and in humans have highlighted the positive action of mud-packs and thermal baths, especially sulphurous ones, on the oxidant/antioxidant system. Overall, thermal stress has an immunosuppressive effect. Many other non-specific factors may also contribute to the beneficial effects observed after spa therapy in some RD, including effects on cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. adipokines) and changes in the environment, pleasant surroundings and the absence of work duties.

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“…When humans or experimental animals are immersed head-out for 30 -60 min in hypertonic salt water, small mineral ions such as potassium and sodium can permeate the skin without a detectable increase in blood plasma levels (Shani et al 1985). On the other hand, Matsuka and co-workers (Matsuka and Spigelman 2004) reported that NaCl water (360 mM) modulates the signal propagation and amplitude of the signal wave in sensory nerve fibers between dorsal root ganglia and the periphery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immersion in CO2-rich water containing NaCl diminishes blood pressure fluctuation in anesthetized rats

Yamamoto¹,

Hashimoto²

2007

Int J Biometeorol

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Bathing in hot springs containing high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) remarkably influences cardiovascular function more than bathing in fresh water. The CO 2 -ennriched water in hot springs generally contains many salts among which interactions remain unknown. We separately evaluated the actions of individual factors in CO 2 -water and confirmed that CO 2 and NaCl have combined effects on blood pressure fluctuations in anesthetized rats. The animals were equipped with sensor probes to monitor body temperature, skin blood flow and arterial blood pressure, and immersed in bathwater (35°C) containing CO 2 with NaCl, KCl or sucrose. The effects of these factors on cardiovascular functions were evaluated using power-spectral analysis of the fluctuation in blood pressure and heart rate. Compared with immersion in tap water, heart rate and skin vascular resistance were reduced during immersion in CO 2 -water as reported irrespective of the ingredients. In terms of the very low frequency range (0.02 ~ 0.195 Hz), the power of blood pressure fluctuation during immersion was significantly reduced when the CO 2 -water contained more than 1.5 % NaCl but was not influenced by other ingredients with a similar osmotic pressure and the same specific gravity. The results indicated that coexistent CO 2 and sodium ions in bathwater reduce blood pressure fluctuations, and suggested that this combination effect of CO 2 and salt contributes to the sedative effect on human cardiovascular functions while bathing in CO 2 -hot springs.

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Skin penetration of minerals in psoriatics and guinea-pigs bathing in hypertonic salt solutions

Cited by 78 publications

References 11 publications

A Critical Evaluation of Dead Sea Therapy in the Management of Psoriasis

A Critical Evaluation of Dead Sea Therapy in the Management of Psoriasis

New evidence on mechanisms of action of spa therapy in rheumatic diseases

Immersion in CO2-rich water containing NaCl diminishes blood pressure fluctuation in anesthetized rats

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