Skin Manifestations in Diabetic Patients Attending a Diabetic Clinic in the Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

Shahzad, Muhammad; Robaee, Ahmad A. Al; Shobaili, Hani A. Al; Alzolibani, Abdullateef A.; Marshood, Abdullah Al; Moteri, Barakat Al

doi:10.1159/000321219

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…According to a study from Saudi Arabia, for those patients having diabetes of less than 5 years' duration, the incidence of skin manifestations was 80.6%; for those having diabetes for more than 5 years, the incidence was 98%.This difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). 21 Study by Sanad et al showed that the number of patients suffering from skin manifestations increased with a longer duration of DM, but there was no statistically significant relation between skin manifestations of DM and the duration of DM, except for diabetic bullae (P=0.04), diabetic dermopathy (P=0.003), and tinea pedis (P=0.001), which were significantly present in DM of more than 5 years' duration. The prevalence of skin manifestations was higher as the duration of diabetes increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Study of cutaneous manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Phulari

Kaushik

2018

Int J Res Dermatol

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INTRODUCTIONIn India diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to be a major public health problem, and India is having the highest number of diabetics. 1 DM is a disease with target organs being almost all the parts of body. The changes in the skin are comparable to those occurring in the other internal organs of the body. Many skin disorders show high incidence and severity in DM, the biochemical factors responsible for this are yet to be understood. And according to research, about 30% of diabetic patients will eventually develop cutaneous manifestations during the natural course of this chronic disease. The skin is a temporary reservoir for excess blood glucose which accounts for tendency to develop pruritus and both bacterial and fungal infections. As it is known skin is the largest organ of the body, which is affected by both acute metabolic and the chronic derangements that occur in diabetes. 3Multiple factors have a role in the skin manifestations of DM. According to a study, abnormalities in carbohydrates metabolism, vascular involvement leading ABSTRACT Background: Poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with several disorders and microvascular, macrovascular and neuropathic complications. Multiple factors play a role in the manifestations of cutaneous signs of DM. The prevalence of a cutaneous disorder appears to be similar between Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM patients, but Type 2 DM patients develop more frequent cutaneous infections, and Type 1 DM patients manifest more autoimmune-type cutaneous lesions. The objective of the study was to assess the various cutaneous manifestations of Type 2 DM and the relation of cutaneous manifestations with the duration of Type 2 DM. Methods: All patients of Type 2 DM, of age group 20 and above, of both sexes, attending OPD or IPD at Dr. D. Y. Patil Hospital, Kolhapur willing to give written informed consent, were included for the study between August 2014 -July 2016. Complete history and examination of all the patients with regards to onset of cutaneous manifestations was taken. Results: Majority (49%) of respondents were in the age group of 41 to 60 years, and majority (66%) were males. 57.5% were new cases and 42.5% were known cases. Duration of illness-majority 50.58% were <5 years, 27.05% in 6 to 10 years. In present study there were 61% who had infectious skin manifestations and 39% who had noninfectious skin manifestations. Out of infectious manifestations 39.5% had fungal infection. Conclusions: Therefore on the basis of present study, we conclude that the skin is involved in DM quite often. The manifestations are numerous and varied and many a times they can serve as diagnostic marker for underlying DM. Whenever patients present with multiple skin manifestations, their diabetic status should be checked. The recognition of these skin findings is the key to treatment and prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Study of cutaneous manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Phulari

Kaushik

2018

Int J Res Dermatol

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“…10,13 Large, recent series of patients attending diabetes clinics identified GA in 0-1.8% and NL in 0-1.4% of patients respectively. [14][15][16][17] REVIEW Traditionally, it has been thought that glycaemic control has no effect on the course of NL, however Cohen et al challenged this view following reappraisal of the original data and argued that tighter glycaemic control may prevent or ameliorate the condition. 18 Furthermore, they suggest the possibility that NL may be a separate condition in people with and without diabetes.…”

Section: Association With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necrobiosis lipoidica

George

Walton

2015

Br J Diabetes

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Necrobiosis lipoidica and granuloma annulare are granulomatous skin conditions that have been traditionally associated with diabetes mellitus, although recently the strength of association has been questioned. In the first section of this two-part article, we describe the suggested aetiology, clinical features, histology and treatment of necrobiosis lipoidica. It is found in 0.3% of patients with diabetes, but has also been reported with other systemic conditions. Clinically it appears as a waxy, atrophic, yellowish plaque with overlying telangiectasia and a brown border. Although usually asymptomatic, it may be extremely painful, especially if ulcerated. Squamous cell carcinoma has occasionally been reported with longstanding lesions. Treatment is often difficult: numerous topical and systemic agents have been employed, but evidence is limited to small case series and individual case reports. Br J Diabetes 2016;16:6-9

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“…8.3%of patients with cutaneous manifestations had Seborrheic dermatitis. in general population Seborrheic dermatitis prevalence is 3-5%, this high rate can be explain by impairment of immunity in DM that lead to increase (Malassesazia spp) activity which will lead to inflammation and desqumenation [11], This finding correlate with EdidenDV [4] and Abhishek Goyal [9]. Six(6.3%) patients had eczema, three of them had contact dermatitis, two had juvenile planter dermatitis ,one had atopic dermatitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NEG leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that are responsible for decreases in both acid solubility and enzymatic digestion of cutaneous collagen [10]. Disorders such as diabetic thick skin and limited joint mobility (LJM) are thought to result directly from accumulation of AGEs [11].…”

Section: Cutaneous Manifestations (Cm) Of Diabetes Mellitus (Dm)mentioning

confidence: 99%