Skin infections by <i>Mycobacterium chelonae</i> following mesotherapy: A report of two cases and review of the literature

Veraldi, Stefano; Spigariolo, Cristina Beatrice; Cusini, Marco; Nazzaro, Gianluca; Gianotti, Raffaele

doi:10.1111/jocd.13441

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…M. chelonae is a low-virulence bacterium and is rarely found as a cause of skin infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. When immunocompetent patients are affected, it is usually following trauma to the skin, which includes both invasive and minimal procedures, intradermal and subcutaneous injections, and minor skin trauma, such as laparoscopic surgery (13), blepharoplasty (14), tattoos (15), mesotherapy (16), pedicures (17), liposuction and lipofilling (18), acupuncture (19), sclerotherapy (20), and contact lens wear (21). M. chelonae infections can also affect immunocompromised patients; for example, cancer patients (22), HIV patients (23), patients with hematological malignancies (24), patients on corticosteroid therapy (25)(26)(27) and biologic therapy, especially on tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (28,29), patients with autoimmune disorders (30), and patients following organ transplantation (31), as was the case in the patient presented (6,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium chelonae infection in an immunocompromised patient presenting as multiple papulonodules on the leg

Stančič¹,

Žgavec²,

Suhodolčan³

2022

Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina Pannonica Et Adriatica

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium chelonae infection in an immunocompromised patient presenting as multiple papulonodules on the leg

Stančič¹,

Žgavec²,

Suhodolčan³

2022

Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina Pannonica Et Adriatica

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“…Of note, most of the previously published reports on NTM were among pulmonary or extra-pulmonary infections other than SSI and limited publications were available for NTM among SSI, apart from some studies on outbreaks, case reports or case series [ 6 , 8 ]. In our study, NTM were isolated from four patients who underwent open operation, mesotherapy injection or laparoscopic procedure, mostly suggested to have originated from contaminated water or equipment [ 10 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical site infections by atypical mycobacteria: prevalence and species characterization using MALDI-TOF and molecular LCD chip array

et al. 2022

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Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is a post-operative complication of high concern with adverse impact on patient prognosis and public health systems. Recently, SSI pathogens have experienced a change in microbial profile with increasing reports of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) as important pathogens. Aim of the study The study aimed to detect the prevalence of NTM among cases with SSIs and describe their species using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and PCR-based microarray. Methods The study was conducted with 192 pus samples collected from patients with SSI. Mycobacterial investigations were done in the form of Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) smears for acid-fast bacilli, automated mycobacterial culture to isolate mycobacteria, followed by immunochromatography test to predict NTM. NTM-positive cultures were tested by MALDI -TOF MS and PCR-based microarray to reach species-level identification. Results Mycobacterial growth was found in 11/192 samples (5.7%) and identified as 4 NTM and 7 M. tuberculosis isolates with prevalence of 2.1% and 3.64%, respectively. The NTM species were described by MALDI-TOF as M. abscessus, M. porcinum, M. bacteremicum, and M. gordonae. Microarray agreed with MALDI-TOF in identifying one isolate (M. abscessus), while two isolates were classified as belonging to broad groups and one isolate failed to be identified. Conclusions The prevalence of NTM among SSI was found to be low, yet have to be considered in the diagnosis of mycobacteria. Employing advanced technologies in diagnosis is recommended to guide for appropriate treatment.

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“… 31 , 32 The improper use of mesotherapy by unqualified personnel with mixtures of substances without a medical rationale has led to skin infections and many adverse reactions. 33 , 34 For this reason, current guidelines regulate the application of mesotherapy in the treatment of skin ageing and other dermatological imperfections according to precise recommendations. 15 Given the high number of receptors and skin cells, 35 we believe it is necessary to design observational studies to investigate the long-term effects of the use of substances for aesthetic purposes.…”

Section: Pre-clinical and Clinical Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Call to Action by the Italian Mesotherapy Society on Scientific Research

Mammucari¹,

Paolucci²,

Russo³

et al. 2021

DDDT

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Mesotherapy (local intradermal therapy, LIT) is a technique used to slowly spread drugs in tissues underlying the site of injection to prolong the pharmacological effect with respect to intramuscular injection. Recommendations for proper medical use of this technique have been made for pain medicine and rehabilitation, chronic venous disease, sport medicine, musculoskeletal disorders, several dermatological conditions, skin ageing, and immune-prophylaxis. Although mesotherapy is considered a valid technique, unresolved questions remain, which should be answered to standardize methodology and dosing regimen as well as to define the right indications in clinical practice. New randomized controlled trials are needed to test single products (dose, frequency of administration, efficacy and safety). Even infiltration of substances for dermo-cosmetic purposes must be guided by safety and efficacy tests before being proposed by mesotherapy. In this article, we put forth a preclinical and clinical research plan and a health technology assessment as a call to action by doctors, researchers and scientific societies to aid national health authorities in considering mesotherapy for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation paths.

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Skin infections by Mycobacterium chelonae following mesotherapy: A report of two cases and review of the literature

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Mycobacterium chelonae infection in an immunocompromised patient presenting as multiple papulonodules on the leg

Mycobacterium chelonae infection in an immunocompromised patient presenting as multiple papulonodules on the leg

Surgical site infections by atypical mycobacteria: prevalence and species characterization using MALDI-TOF and molecular LCD chip array

A Call to Action by the Italian Mesotherapy Society on Scientific Research

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