Skeletal Muscle Microvascular-Linked Improvements in Glycemic Control From Resistance Training in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

Russell, Ryan; Hu, Donghua; Greenaway, TM; Blackwood, Sarah; Dwyer, RM; Sharman, James E.; Jones, Graeme; Squibb, Kathryn; Brown, Aascha A; Otáhal, Petr; Boman, Meg; Al-Aubaidy, Hayder A.; Premilovac, Dino; Roberts, Christian K.; Hitchins, Samuel; Richards, Stephen M.; Rattigan, Stephen; Keske, Michelle A.

doi:10.2337/dc16-2750

Cited by 55 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, this enhanced skeletal muscle microvascular response was tightly linked to improvements in overall glycemic control including reductions in fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, and improvements in glucose tolerance following an OGC. Although body composition was also affected by RT, vascular and metabolic changes were not related with changes in body composition (27). This novel finding positions the microvasculature in skeletal muscle as an important regulator of overall glucose homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Skeletal muscle is an important site for glucose disposal in response to insulin (32), and an increased microvascular blood flow (MBF) improves delivery of glucose and hormones (such as insulin) to the myocyte to improve glucose disposal (19). We have recently demonstrated that 6 wk of RT markedly enhances skeletal muscle MBF in T2D subjects in response to an oral glucose challenge (OGC) (27). Importantly, this enhanced skeletal muscle microvascular response was tightly linked to improvements in overall glycemic control including reductions in fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, and improvements in glucose tolerance following an OGC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow?

Russell

Remash

et al. 2018

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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The microcirculation in adipose tissue is markedly impaired in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Resistance training (RT) often increases muscle mass and promotes a favorable metabolic profile in people with T2D, even in the absence of fat loss. Whether the metabolic benefits of RT in T2D are linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow is unknown. Eighteen sedentary people with T2D (7 women/11 men, 52 ± 7 yr) completed 6 wk of RT. Before and after RT, overnight-fasted participants had blood sampled for clinical chemistries (glucose, insulin, lipids, HbA1c, and proinflammatory markers) and underwent an oral glucose challenge (OGC; 50 g glucose × 2 h) and a DEXA scan to assess body composition. Adipose tissue microvascular blood volume and flow were assessed at rest and 1 h post-OGC using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. RT significantly reduced fasting blood glucose ( P = 0.006), HbA1c ( P = 0.007), 2-h glucose area under the time curve post-OGC ( P = 0.014), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ( P = 0.005). This was accompanied by a small reduction in total body fat ( P = 0.002), trunk fat ( P = 0.023), and fasting triglyceride levels ( P = 0.029). Lean mass ( P = 0.003), circulating TNF-α ( P = 0.006), and soluble VCAM-1 ( P < 0.001) increased post-RT. There were no significant changes in adipose tissue microvascular blood volume or flow following RT; however those who did have a higher baseline microvascular blood flow post-RT also had lower fasting triglyceride levels ( r = −0.476, P = 0.045). The anthropometric, glycemic, and insulin-sensitizing benefits of 6 wk of RT in people with T2D are not associated with an improvement in adipose tissue microvascular responses; however, there may be an adipose tissue microvascular-linked benefit to fasting triglyceride levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow?

Russell

Remash

et al. 2018

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

Self Cite

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“…Recently, it was demonstrated that RT increased glycemic control in part by enhancing microvascular blood flow and substrate delivery to myocytes [63].…”

Section: Metabolic Control: Glycemic Control and Insulin Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

May the force be with you: why resistance training is essential for subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications

Codella

Ialacqua

Terruzzi³

et al. 2018

Endocrine

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Physical activity, together with diet and pharmacological therapy, represents one of the three cornerstones in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment and care. The therapeutic appeal of regular physical activity stems from: (i) its non-pharmacological nature; (ii) its beneficial effects on the metabolic risk factors associated with diabetes complications; (iii) its low costs. Evidence accumulated in the last years suggests that aerobic training-endurance training-constitutes a safe modality of intervention, achievable, and effective in diabetes treatment, whenever it is not limited by comorbidities. Aerobic training exerts insulin-mimetic effects and has been shown to lower mortality risk too. Anaerobic, intense physical activity, such as that of strength or power sports disciplines, is not univocally recognized as safe and simple to realize, however, it is important in stimulating energy and glucose metabolism. According to recent evidence, high-intensity training may be prescribed even in the face of cardiovascular diseases, peripheral vascular disease, or osteoarthritis. Some studies have shown resistance training to be more efficient than aerobic exercise in improving glycemic control. This review explores the most up-to-date indications emerging from literature in support of the beneficial effects of strength stimulation and resistance training in patients with type 2 diabetes without complications.

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“…3 In their letter, Kotani and Gugliucci searched and compiled data from interventional studies in which the effects of physical exercise on AGEs and soluble AGEs receptors (sRAGE) were evaluated. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Based on those studies, the authors concluded that the practice of physical exercise could reduce serum AGEs and, seemingly contradictory, it also reduces sRAGE concentrations. 1 However, we would advert caution before drawing these conclusions.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Reply to letter to the editor: “Advanced glycation end‐products and their receptors: Exercise effects”

et al. 2020

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Skeletal Muscle Microvascular-Linked Improvements in Glycemic Control From Resistance Training in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract: RT improves OGC-stimulated muscle MBF and glycemic control concomitantly, suggesting that MBF plays a role in improved glycemic control from RT.

Cited by 55 publications

References 41 publications

Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow?

Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow?

May the force be with you: why resistance training is essential for subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications

Reply to letter to the editor: “Advanced glycation end‐products and their receptors: Exercise effects”

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