Skeletal Mineralogy Patterns of Antarctic Bryozoa

Krzemińska, Małgorzata; Kukliński, Piotr; Najorka, Jens; Iglikowska, Anna

doi:10.1086/685507

Cited by 20 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…the South American Region) [48]. All species had calcitic skeletons, which is consistent with our expectations from previous research on bryozoans and spirorbids from high latitudes [26,49–52]. This trend is possibly due to low temperatures favouring the deposition of calcite over aragonite as the latter is more susceptible to dissolution in cold waters [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Spirorbid polychaetes and bryozoans are amongst the most prominent early colonizers in Antarctica [7] but the CaCO 3 biomineralization of their calcareous tube is relatively unknown [7,22,23]. This study investigates the spatio-temporal variability in skeletal Mg-calcite in calcifying Antarctic bryozoans and spirorbid polychaetes [22,24–26]. Samples were collected from settlement panels deployed around Casey Station in East Antarctica including from undisturbed and human-impacted areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatio-temporal variation of skeletal Mg-calcite in Antarctic marine calcifiers

et al. 2019

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Human driven changes such as increases in oceanic CO 2 , global warming, petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals may negatively affect the ability of marine calcifiers to build their skeletons/shells, especially in polar regions. We examine spatio-temporal variability of skeletal Mg-calcite in shallow water Antarctic marine invertebrates using bryozoan and spirorbids as models in a recruitment experiment of settlement tiles in East Antarctica. Mineralogies were determined for 754 specimens belonging to six bryozoan species (four cheilostome and two cyclostome species) and two spirorbid species from around Casey Station. Intra- and interspecific variability in wt% MgCO 3 in calcite among most species was the largest source of variation overall. Therefore, the skeletal Mg-calcite in these taxa seem to be mainly biologically controlled. However, significant spatial variability was also found in wt% MgCO 3 in calcite, possibly reflecting local environment variation from sources such as freshwater input and contaminated sediments. Species with high-Mg calcite skeletons (e.g. Beania erecta ) could be particularly sensitive to multiple stressors under predictions for near-future global ocean chemistry changes such as increasing temperature, ocean acidification and pollution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variation of skeletal Mg-calcite in Antarctic marine calcifiers

et al. 2019

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“…Note the increasing proportion from the poles to the tropics of species biomineralizing aragonite, either monomineralically (a, pale grey) or bimineralically with calcite (b, mid grey), and the corresponding decrease in calcitic species (c, dark grey). As noted by , the one record (Borisenko & Gontar 1991) of an aragonitic bryozoan species in the Antarctic is questionable (see also Krzeminska et al 2016 who found no aragonitic bryozoans in their samples from King George Island, Antarctica).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbonate mineralogy of a tropical bryozoan biota and its vulnerability to ocean acidification

Taylor

Shau-Hwai

Kudryavstev

et al. 2016

Marine Biology Research

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Decreasing pH levels in the world's oceans are widely recognized as a threat to marine life. Bryozoans are among several phyla that produce calcium carbonate skeletons potentially affected by ocean acidification (OA). Depending on species, bryozoan skeletons can consist of calcite, aragonite or have a bimineralic combination of these two minerals. Aragonite is generally more soluble in seawater than calcite, making aragonitic species more vulnerable to OA. Here, for the first time we use Raman spectroscopy to determine the mineral composition of a tropical bryozoan biota. Compared with bryozoan biotas from higher latitudes in which calcite predominates, aragonite was found to occur in a much higher proportion of the 22 cheilostome bryozoan species collected from the shorelines of Penang and Langkawi in Malaysia, where 46% of species are calcitic, 41% aragonitic and 13% bimineralic. All but one of the aragonitic or bimineralic species belong to the ascophorans, whereas calcitic skeletons characterized most of the anascans, many of which are primitive 'weedy' malacostegines. These results suggest a relatively high vulnerability of tropical bryozoan faunas to OA, with the weedier taxa likely to be least impacted. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Marine bryozoans are colonial filter-feeding invertebrates and are well characterised globally in terms of mineralogy [ 27 ]. Unlike some groups, where perhaps 2–3% of species have actually been measured (e.g., 29 chiton species = 3% of extant species [ 22 ]), marine bryozoans have been extensively studied at both ends of the Earth [ 14 , 15 , 17 – 24 ], such that at least a quarter of extant species have been characterised at least once (~1500 species [ 28 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal carbonate mineralogy of Scottish bryozoans

Loxton¹,

Jones

Najorka

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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This paper describes the skeletal carbonate mineralogy of 156 bryozoan species collected from Scotland (sourced both from museum collections and from waters around Scotland) and collated from literature. This collection represents 79% of the species which inhabit Scottish waters and is a greater number and proportion of extant species than any previous regional study. The study is also of significance globally where the data augment the growing database of mineralogical analyses and offers first analyses for 26 genera and four families. Specimens were collated through a combination of field sampling and existing collections and were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and micro-XRD to determine wt% MgCO3 in calcite and wt% aragonite. Species distribution data and phylogenetic organisation were applied to understand distributional, taxonomic and phylo-mineralogical patterns. Analysis of the skeletal composition of Scottish bryozoans shows that the group is statistically different from neighbouring Arctic fauna but features a range of mineralogy comparable to other temperate regions. As has been previously reported, cyclostomes feature low Mg in calcite and very little aragonite, whereas cheilostomes show much more variability, including bimineralic species. Scotland is a highly variable region, open to biological and environmental influx from all directions, and bryozoans exhibit this in the wide range of within-species mineralogical variability they present. This plasticity in skeletal composition may be driven by a combination of environmentally-induced phenotypic variation, or physiological factors. A flexible response to environment, as manifested in a wide range of skeletal mineralogy within a species, may be one characteristic of successful invasive bryozoans.

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Skeletal Mineralogy Patterns of Antarctic Bryozoa

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Spatio-temporal variation of skeletal Mg-calcite in Antarctic marine calcifiers

Spatio-temporal variation of skeletal Mg-calcite in Antarctic marine calcifiers

Carbonate mineralogy of a tropical bryozoan biota and its vulnerability to ocean acidification

Skeletal carbonate mineralogy of Scottish bryozoans

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