Skeletal features in patient affected by maxillary canine impaction

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the skeletal features of patients with maxillary canine impaction. Material and Methods: The complete pre-treatment records of 1674 orthodontic patients were examined. From the subjects with maxillary impacted canine 12 patients were excluded , remaining 108. The subjects with maxillary impacted canine were divided into two study groups: a palatally displaced canine group (PDCG) (77 patients) and a buccally displaced canine group (BDCG) (31 patients). The values of the skeletal features measured on the lateral cephalometric radiograph were compared with a control group (CG) of 121 subjects randomly selected from the initial sample without maxillary canine impaction. The statistical analysis of the difference between the study groups and the CG was tested using ?2 test and Fisher’s exact test. The level of significance was set at P ?0.05. Results: The CG was characterized by increased values of A point-Nasion-B point angle (ANB) and by a retro-positioned or smaller lower jaw. PDCG patients showed normal skeletal features compared to the CG, presenting mainly I class and lower rank of II and III sagittal skeletal features. PDCG subjects presented also normal values of the Steiner vertical skeletal relationship angles with normal facial divergence compared to the CG. PDCG cases were also characterized by horizontal and prognathic growth. BDCG did not present significant differences in skeletal features compared to the CG, except for an increased ANB. Conclusions: Palatally displaced canine (PDC) was frequently the only orthodontic problem of patients and was not associated whit altered skeletal features. The frequent absence of malocclusion in PDC patients explains the delayed identification of this problem. BDCG patients did not present significant differences in skeletal features with respect to the orthodontic population. The presence of both buccally displaced canine (BDC) and malocclusion makes the patient with BDC both aware of the need for, and motivated to undergo, orthodontic treatment. Key words:Canine impaction, palatal displacement, buccal displacement, skeletal features.

The prevalence of peg-shaped and missing lateral incisors with maxillary impacted canines

“…Palatally displaced canines have been associated with missing lateral incisors and other animalies [19][20][21][22] . In another study, palatally displaced canines were reported to be associated with peg-shaped or missing lateral incisors, other impacted and missing teeth and deep bite with retroclined maxillary incisors 23 .…”

Prevalence of maxillary canine impaction in skeletal Class III malocclusions compared to Class I malocclusions

“…Besides the radiographic criteria developed by Ericson and Kurol (5) and further modified by other authors (6,7) to predict canine impaction from its position in a panoramic radiograph, some authors have studied if a patient’s dento-skeletal features could be used as a prognostic factor. For example, Mercuri et al found that the facial skeletal features of patients with a palatally impacted canine are characterized by a horizontal and prognathic growth (8). Larsen et al observed that the maxillary complex of patients with ectopic canines is enlarged transversally, but smaller in the sagittal and vertical dimensions (9).…”

Effect of facemask protraction on the development of impacted maxillary canines: a retrospective study.

“…29 Moreover, some authors studied other factors that could be used to predict the risk of canine impaction, such as skeletal features. 20 Mercuri et al, 18 reported that patients with impacted canines were characterised by a horizontal and prognathic growth and Larsen et al, 19 found that the dimension of the maxilla in subjects with palatally displaced canines was reduced vertically and sagittally, but increased transversally.…”