Sizing and Sitting of DERs in Active Distribution Networks Incorporating Load Prevailing Uncertainties Using Probabilistic Approaches

Abstract

In this study, a microgrid scheme encompassing photovoltaic panels, an energy storage system, and a diesel generator as a backup supply source is designed, and the optimal placement for installation is suggested. The main purpose of this microgrid is to meet the intrinsic demand without being supplied by the upstream network. Thus, the main objective in the design of the microgrid is to minimize the operational cost of microgrid’s sources subject to satisfy the loads by these sources. Therefore, the considered problem in this study is to determine the optimal size and placement for generation sources simultaneously for a microgrid with the objectives of minimization of cost of generation resources along with mitigation of power losses. In order to deal with uncertainties of PV generation and load forecasting, the lognormal distribution model and Gaussian process quantile regression (GPQR) approaches are employed. In order to solve the optimization problem, the lightning attachment procedure optimization (LAPO) and artificial bee colony (ABC) methods are employed, and the results are compared. The results imply the more effectiveness and priority of the LAPO approach in comparison with ABC in convergence speed and the accuracy of solution-finding.

An MILP-Based Distributed Energy Management for Coordination of Networked Microgrids

“…The maximum value of each power block is enforced by (3). The real power of DGs is constrained by the minimum and maximum output of DGs as in (4). For ESSs, the charging and discharging power limits of ESSs are enforced by ( 5) and ( 6).…”

“…In addition, a microgrid could facilitate the secure and efficient operation of the utility grid by providing operational supports in many aspects, e.g., frequency and voltage regulation, virtual inertia, etc. [1][2][3][4]. As a unique virtue, a microgrid could seamlessly transit from grid-connected to islanding operation and continue to supply its local customers independently [5,6].…”

Effective Power Flow Control of Grid Tied Hybrid Renewable Energy System Using SMC Controller

“…The output current of the PV cells can be modelled following the next equation: [11] 𝐼 = 𝐼 𝑝ℎ − 𝐼 0 (𝑒…”

“…Also, they can produce a high torque output compared to doublyfed induction generators caused by the density and the high magnetic flux efficiency. [11][12][13] The battery is connected to the DC bus side via DC bidirectional converter, which can ensure the storage operations. The battery control depends to different traditional like PI and hysteresis regulators, their comportment is more discussed in [14,15], it is very simple and based on generation of high amplitude oscillations which had a nice effect on the quality and performance of the considered system [14,15], the authors in [15] present the advantages of the linear PI regulator for battery current regulation, it has simple implementation, and in the opposite, it hasn't a high stability under quick variation of weather conditions.…”

Special Issue on Microgrids/Nanogrids Implementation, Planning, and Operation

“…Nematollahi et al in [5], addressed the problem of microgrids distributed generations optimal sizing and sitting with the objectives to minimize the resources generation cost and mitigate power losses. In this context, it has been proposed to use the lightning attachment procedure optimization It has been shown that this procedure outperforms the artificial bee colony approach in terms of convergence speed and the accuracy of solution-finding.…”