Size scaling in visual pattern recognition.

Larsen, Axel; Bundesen, Claus

doi:10.1037/0096-1523.4.1.1

Cited by 129 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…The speed of frame transformations was higher than the rate of image transformations in STM, as measured in simultaneous matching studies (Bundesen & Larsen, 1975) and sequential matching studies with novel objects (Larsen & Bundesen, 1978, Experiment 1). Larsen and Bundesen (1978) argued that two size adjustment processes have to be differentiated. One is a relatively fast frame adjustment process, which refers to representations in LTM.…”

Section: Size and Position Congruency Effectsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Reference frames, which are a means of specifying locations in space, were investigated in cognitive psychology over a long period of time (e.g., Larsen & Bundesen, 1978;Marr & Nishihara, 1978;Rock, 1973Rock, , 1974Rock & Heimer, 1957; for reviews, see Farah, 2000;Jolicoeur & Humphrey, 1998;Palmer, 1999). A reference frame can be regarded as a specific coordinate system.…”

Section: Congruency Effects In Object Recognition and The Adjustment mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their Experiment 2, Larsen and Bundesen (1978) investigated the role of frame transformations relating to long-term memory (LTM) in a recognition task. Uppercase letters were used as stimuli, in four different sizes.…”

Section: Size and Position Congruency Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larsen and Bundesen (1978) interpreted these size adjustments as coordinate transformation processes in LTM, as the stimulus had to be compared with the representation of a familiar object in LTM. The speed of frame transformations was higher than the rate of image transformations in STM, as measured in simultaneous matching studies (Bundesen & Larsen, 1975) and sequential matching studies with novel objects (Larsen & Bundesen, 1978, Experiment 1). Larsen and Bundesen (1978) argued that two size adjustment processes have to be differentiated.…”

Section: Size and Position Congruency Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coordinate transformations in object recognition.

Graf¹

2006

Psychological Bulletin

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A basic problem of visual perception is how human beings recognize objects after spatial transformations. Three central classes of findings have to be accounted for: (a) Recognition performance varies systematically with orientation, size, and position; (b) recognition latencies are sequentially additive, suggesting analogue transformation processes; and (c) orientation and size congruency effects indicate that recognition involves the adjustment of a reference frame. All 3 classes of findings can be explained by a transformational framework of recognition: Recognition is achieved by an analogue transformation of a perceptual coordinate system that aligns memory and input representations. Coordinate transformations can be implemented neurocomputationally by gain (amplitude) modulation and may be regarded as a general processing principle of the visual cortex.Keywords: alignment, coordinate transformations, gain modulation, object recognition, reference frames How can we recognize objects regardless of spatial transformations such as plane and depth rotation, size scaling, and position changes? This ability is often discussed under the label object constancy or shape constancy. Even young children recognize objects so immediately and effortlessly that it seems to be a rather ordinary and simple task. However, changes in the spatial relation between observer and object lead to large changes of the image that is projected onto the retina. Hence, to recognize objects regardless of orientation, size, and position is not a trivial problem. No computational system proposed so far can successfully recognize objects over wide ranges of object categories and contexts.Several different approaches have been proposed over the years (for reviews, see Palmeri & Gauthier, 2004;Ullman, 1996). A number of models rely on abstract object representations, which predict that recognition performance is typically invariant regarding spatial transformations (e.g., structural description models; see Hummel & Biederman, 1992;Marr & Nishihara, 1978). In contrast, image-based or view-based models propose that object representations are close to the format of the perceptual input and therefore depend systematically on image transformations (e.g.,

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Section: Size and Position Congruency Effectsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Congruency Effects In Object Recognition and The Adjustment mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size and Position Congruency Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size and Position Congruency Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Coordinate transformations in object recognition.

Graf¹

2006

Psychological Bulletin

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“…The area of each of the drawings can be found in Table 1. Larsen & Bundesen, 1978). In these studies, participants were shown two objects at a variety of size ratios, such as 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of varying stimulus size on object recognition in pigeons.

Peissig¹,

Kirkpatrick²,

Young³

et al. 2006

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes

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The authors investigated the pigeon's ability to generalize object discrimination performance to smaller and larger versions of trained objects. In Experiment 1, they taught pigeons with line drawings of multipart objects and later tested the birds with both larger and smaller drawings. The pigeons exhibited significant generalization to new sizes, although they did show systematic performance decrements as the new size deviated from the original. In Experiment 2, the authors tested both linear and exponential size changes of computer-rendered basic shapes to determine which size transformation produced equivalent performance for size increases and decreases. Performance was more consistent with logarithmic than with linear scaling of size. This finding was supported in Experiment 3. Overall, the experiments suggest that the pigeon encodes size as a feature of objects and that the representation of size is most likely logarithmic.

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Spatial Attention

Cave¹

2015

Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences

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Visual perception requires selective filtering. The process of selecting a portion of the visual input according to its location is described as spatial attention. Spatial attention has been measured with a wide variety of experimental techniques, including spatial cuing, spatial probes, distractor interference, ERP, and SSVEP. The results show that spatial attention sometimes takes the form of a gradient, with strong facilitation of processing within a central region and less facilitation and perhaps even inhibition in the surround. The positioning of the attentional gradient is controlled in part by a bottom‐up system that directs attention to locations that differ from surrounding locations in basic features. There is also top‐down direction of attention, which favors locations with features matching a defined target. A variety of different experiments have demonstrated that attention can be allocated to a particular location in the visual field, but another set of experiments show that attention can be allocated to a visual object, and that attention that is directed to one part of an object can spread to other parts of the same object. It is difficult to determine whether spatial attention and object‐based attention are controlled by the same system or by separate systems. Determining the boundaries between different attentional systems should become easier with the use of ERP data to provide precise timing information about attentional processes, and fMRI to localize the brain regions controlling attention and to measure attentional modulation of perceptual processing activity.

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Size scaling in visual pattern recognition.

Cited by 129 publications

References 19 publications

Coordinate transformations in object recognition.

Coordinate transformations in object recognition.

Effects of varying stimulus size on object recognition in pigeons.

Spatial Attention

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