Size Distribution of Multi-phase Deoxidation Particles for Heterogeneous Crystallization of TiN and Solidification Structure in Ti-Added Ferritic Stainless Steel

Abstract

Single (Ti and Mg) and multiple (Ti/M: M=Mg, Ca, Zr or Ce and Ti/M/M': Ti/Mg/Al, Al/Mg/Ti, Al/Ti/Ca, Ti/ Al(Ca)/Ca(Al), Ti/Mg(Ca)/Ca(Mg), Ti/Zr/Ca(Mg) or Ti/Ce/(Ca) deoxidations were carried out at 1 600°C to study the effect of TiN crystallization on the solidification structure in an Fe-17.5 (11)

Characteristics and Generating Mechanism of Large Precipitates in Nb–Ti-microalloyed H13 Tool Steel

“…In addition, some large phases precipitate on the black oxides the composition of which are mainly (Al,Ti) O. Heterogeneous nucleation could reduce the nucleation barrier and contribute the precipitation. [19][20][21] For Ti/Nb transforming phase which is shown in Fig. 7, the size is even up to 10 μm.…”

Effect of Multi-phase Oxide Particles on TiN Crystallization and Solidification Structure in Ti-Added Ferritic Stainless Steel

“…A more detailed description of the deoxidation methods in the absence or presence of slag is given elsewhere. 1) …”

“…The methods of determining the planar and spatial particle size distributions are given elsewhere, 1) along with a description of the technique for observation of the solidification structure. 1) The compositions of the planar particles on the polished metal surface were analyzed using SEM in conjunction with an EPMA.…”

“…1) The compositions of the planar particles on the polished metal surface were analyzed using SEM in conjunction with an EPMA. The method of chemical analysis is given elsewhere.…”

“…The crucial importance of the nucleation potency of the phases present at the particle surface of Ti-added ferritic stainless steel was illustrated in a previous study, 1) in which the refining of the solidification structure using a nucleation catalyst was explored. That study, focused on the numbers of TiN, TiN+oxide and oxide particles obtained in various complex deoxidations, indicated that the solidification structure was not influenced by the numbers of TiN, TiN+oxide and oxide particles having sizes greater than 1.5 μm, but rather, was influenced by the deoxidation methods.…”