Size Dependent Uptake and Hemolytic Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Erythrocytes and Biomedical Potential of ZnO-Ferulic acid Conjugates

Abstract

Despite zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) being increasingly used as carriers in biomedical fields due to their multifaceted properties and therapeutic importance, better understanding of the mechanisms and cellular consequences resulting from their interaction with cells and cellular components has been warranted. In the present study, we investigate the size-dependent interaction of ZnONPs on RBCs, and its impact on cell viability, DNA damage, ROS generation and morphological changes, employing cellular and analytical methods. Size, charge, stability and solubility were confirmed by DLS, zeta potential, ICP-AES and TEM analysis. Further ICP-AES, TEM, spectroscopic observations and cell based assays showed that ZnONPs exhibited a size dependent impact on RBCs and haemoglobin (Hb), particularly size <50 nm. Conversely, ferulic acid (FA) conjugates and serum albumin significantly reduced the adverse effects exhibited by ZnONPs. The extent of DNA damage and ROS generation is comparatively low in ZnONPs-FA than in ZnONPs alone treated cells. Thus our study documents a novel conceptualization delineating the influence of size on the material properties and therapeutic potential of nanoparticle.

Selenium Nanoparticles Dispersed in Phytochemical Exert Anti-Inflammatory Activity by Modulating Catalase, GPx1, and COX-2 Gene Expression in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Rat Model

“…Before administering SeNPs to RA rats, we tested the stability of SeNPs in water and saline, showing that these are not suitable media. A recent study shows that phytochemical compound could serve as anti-aggregation substances [17]. Since our focus is on the effect of SeNPs against RA, we intended to test a phytochemical already proved to have anti-RA effects; therefore, we tested the anti-aggregation property of CA [36].…”

“…Furthermore, Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) shows less in vivo toxicity when compared with normal-size Se [15,16]. Dispersed elemental nanoparticles aggregate spontaneously in water or saline [17], which are 2 major media used in drug delivery. Therefore, maintaining the nanoparticle size in drug delivery medium is of paramount importance to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect of NPs.…”

Biophysical study on the interaction of cartap hydrochloride and hemoglobin: Heme degradation and functional changes of protein

“…As the hemolytic effect of any analyte plays a crucial role in understanding the cellular mechanism then hemolysis assay is an important part of scientific research . The hemolytic effect of cartap in different concentration were analyzed so the incubation of human red blood cells in the presence of varies concentrations of cartap, showed that the lysis percentage (lys%) increased with respect to its concentration.…”

Nanocomposite Formulation of Ferulic Acid with Different Metals Using Computational Method

“…Copper has also been observed for having the potency to form nanocomposite in presence of ferulic acid [24]. The studies of complex formulation of this flavonoid along with iron [25] and zinc [26] have also been done. Although many other groups have been working in the field of metal nanocomposite formation by various experimental approaches, but the study of the interaction between the drug molecule and metal atom has not yet been done extensively.…”