Size and temperature characteristics of potatoes help predict injury following impact collisions

International Journal of Food Properties

2018

A model was developed to predict the impact damage depth of potato. The model consisted of a series of differential equations derived from the force equilibrium on a differential element, which, respectively, governs the relationships among the potato collision displacement and initial collision speed, natural angular frequency of undamped system, and damping ratio. For the collision displacement of potato impact with the rod, the study used the impact test rig and acceleration acquisition system to measure the corresponding values under different experimental conditions. Combined with the determinate experimental data, the mentioned parameters of the model were obtained. According to the model, the obtained maximum value of potato collision displacement was treated as the prediction value of damage depth. The results showed both the experimental values and prediction values of potato damage depth increased with the increment of initial height, and the difference between experimental values and prediction values was less than 8.8%. To evaluate the significant factor of impact damage depth of potato, this study selected the tuber temperature, initial height, tuber mass, and impact material as experiment factors in the orthogonal tests and the order of influencing factors was found to be as follows: initial height > tuber mass > tuber temperature > impact material.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model for the prediction of potato impact damage depth

Xie

Wang

International Journal of Food Properties

2018

“…It was found that an increase of 1 F in soil temperature would lead to the increased force of about 2% to bruise (as measured by height) by Johnston & Wilson (Johnston & Wilson, 1969). Besides, this variation trend of damaged area is in agreement with that of bruised depth and volume (Mathew & Hyde, 1997;McRae et al, 1976;Thomson & Lopresti, 2018). However, the values of acceleration changed in accordance with V-shape curve with the elevated potato temperature (Table 2).…”

Section: Effect Of Tuber Temperature On Collision Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Generally, the potatoes were vulnerable to impact injury in the case of colder temperature. Mathew and Hyde reported that a 200 mm drop onto steel caused injury in almost 50% of potato tubers at 10 C, whereas this was reduced to 28% when tuber temperature was 21 C (Mathew & Hyde, 1997;McRae, Carruthers, & Porteous, 1976;Thomson & Lopresti, 2018). It was found that an increase of 1 F in soil temperature would lead to the increased force of about 2% to bruise (as measured by height) by Johnston & Wilson (Johnston & Wilson, 1969).…”

Section: Effect Of Tuber Temperature On Collision Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on collision acceleration and damage characteristics of potato

Xie

Wang

J Food Process Engineering

2020

To reveal the mechanism of potato mechanical damage, this article investigated the relationships between the collision characteristics of potato and various impact parameters using potato impact test rig and acceleration acquisition system. It was noted that the potato impact test rig and acceleration acquisition system allowed simultaneously analysis of the three indexes: maximum acceleration, minimum acceleration, and damaged area. In the experiments, the collision damaged area of potato increased with the enlarged tuber mass but decreased with the elevated temperature of potato tuber. In addition, the damaged area was the smallest during potato colliding with 65Mn‐Rubber (10 mm diameter 65Mn steel rod wrapped in 2 mm rubber) compared with other two materials. With the increment of collision initial height, the maximum acceleration and damaged area increased, but the minimum acceleration changed on the basis of opposite trend. Under the experimental factor of collision initial height, the indexes of maximum acceleration and minimum acceleration were strongly correlated with damaged area of potato. That could be used to predict collision effects. Finally, the predicted mathematical model between the average value of maximum acceleration, minimum acceleration and damaged area were established as follows: S = 0.9622amax‐433.25 (R2 = 0.9601), S = −3.9587amin + 58.658 (R2 = 0.8152). Practical application Currently, there are few studies for the collision between fresh potato and rod. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of collision parameters on collision acceleration and damaged area during fresh potato colliding rod. That becomes very important for the design and development of potato processing machinery, especially harvesting machinery. To accurately predict the damage in the phase of harvesting and postharvest processes, the correlation analysis between initial height, tuber mass, tuber temperature, impact material, maximum and minimum acceleration, and damaged area are, respectively, discussed. Meantime, the corresponding mathematical models of significant parameters and damaged area are well established.

“…According to an American study, 70% of potato damage is caused by harvesting, 30% during transport and storage (Peters, 1996). The impact acceleration of potato not only has a positive correlation with its damage (Thomson and Lopresti, 2018;Xie, 2020a), but also is the key parameter to the study of potato impact kinematics and dynamics. Researchers have adopted experimental studies 1 to analyze the potato mechanical impact and bruising based on various instruments including pendulum collision device, free drop collision device, electronic potato, instrumented sphere and acceleration measuring unit (Canneyt et al, 2004;Dănilă, 2015;Deng et al, 2020;Geyer et al, 2009;Hyde et al, 1992;Mathew and Hyde, 1997;Nikara et al, 2018;Rady and Soliman, 2015;Strehmel et al, 2010;Xie et al, 2018;Xie et al, 2020a;Xie et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Test and Finite Element Analysis of Potato Impact Acceleration

Liu

et al. 2021

INMATEH

To analyze the maximum acceleration (amax) of a potato colliding with different objects, both experimental test and finite element analysis (FEA) methods were used. Results showed that when potatoes were collided with the single rod, the steel plate and the double rods, the average discrepancies of FEA and experimental test values were 5.3%, 3.95% and 5.04%. The maximum acceleration increased with the increase of potato drop height, and decreased with the increase of potato mass. Under the same conditions, the maximum acceleration decreased in turn when the potatoes were collided with the steel plate, the single rod and the double rods. The FEA results showed that the maximum acceleration in collision with the steel plate was 60.78% to 96.29% higher than that with the double rods. The maximum acceleration in collision with the steel plate was 53.89% to 83.27% higher than that with the double rods. The maximum acceleration in collision with the single rod covered with soil was 37.65% and 31.54% lower than that without soil. The research methods and conclusions of this article provided a basis for the analysis of impact mechanics and damage mechanism of potatoes, and contributed to further researches related to solid-like agricultural and food products.