Size and polydispersity trends found in gold nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation in liquids

Abstract

In this work, the effect of laser fluence on Au nanoparticles synthesized via laser ablation in liquids is studied for 1064 nm irradiation with 25 ps pulses. Particle size and polydispersity is found to display a negative trend with fluences up to ∼14 J cm(-2). Erratic size tendencies are observed at low fluences, i.e. slightly above the ablation threshold. This overall behavior is reconciled with recent computational studies and to fluctuations in ablation due to surface morphology. The effectiveness of the commonly used surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is shown to diminish at higher fluence due to pyrolysis. In addition, shadowgraph imaging of the cavitation bubble is shown as a useful technique for determining the ablation threshold. Our findings are in good agreement with threshold values determined by traditional methods and are comparable to computational values, when differences in pulse duration are taken into account.

One‐Step and Surfactant‐Free Fabrication of Gold‐Nanoparticle‐Decorated Bismuth Oxychloride Nanosheets Based on Laser Ablation in Solution and Their Enhanced Visible‐Light Plasmonic Photocatalysis

“…Here, the existence of Au in the products was expected due to the laser ablation of the Au target in the solution, as previously reported. [30,31] No other phase was detected in the as-prepared products. The atomicr atio of Bi/ Au was evaluated to be 28.6 by inductivelyc oupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopic measurement, indicating that the BiOCl component in the products was dominant.…”

Fluence Threshold Behaviour on Ablation and Bubble Formation in Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids

“…It is less evident whether the ablated masss aturates with laser fluence [4,14,15,18] or increases steadily,f or instance, linearly. Different,c ontradicting observations have been made here.…”

“…For instance, vapour bubbles formed due to the heating of the liquid on the target block subsequent pulses from ahigh-repetition laser pulse train. [13][14][15] The most efficient ablation has been observedf or as patials hift before the positiono ft ightest focus, which is discussed in terms of losses through opticalb reakdown in the liquid as well as self-focusingf or ultrafastl aser pulses. [12] To optimize the process further,iti sn ecessary to understand the evolution of water evaporation and mass ejection in more detail.…”

“…It has been recognized that the positioning of the target relative to the focal spot of af ocused laser is very important. [13][14][15] The most efficient ablation has been observedf or as patials hift before the positiono ft ightest focus, which is discussed in terms of losses through opticalb reakdown in the liquid as well as self-focusingf or ultrafastl aser pulses. [13,16] In this context,a dditionally the laser-induced plasma must be taken into account.…”

“…At hreshold is often seen, which is relatedt ot he ablation threshold of immersed surfaces. It is less evident whether the ablated masss aturates with laser fluence [4,14,15,18] or increases steadily,f or instance, linearly. [13,19,20] Energy deposition in the cavitation bubble versusm aterial ablation has so far not been discussed.…”