Six years genotype distribution of Human Papillomavirus in Calabria Region, Southern Italy: a retrospective study

Abstract

BackgroundAlthough analysis of the Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype spread in a particular area has a crucial impact on public health and prevention programmes, there is a lack of epidemiological data regarding HPV in the Calabria region of Italy. We therefore update information on HPV age/genotype distribution by retrospectively analysing a cohort of women, with and without cervical lesions, living in Calabria, who underwent HPV DNA testing; moreover, we also evaluated HPV age/genotype distribution in a subset of patients with cervical lesions.MethodsCervical scrape specimens obtained from 9590 women (age range 20–75 years) from January 2010 to December 2015 were tested for HPV DNA. Viral types were genotyped by Linear Array HPV Genotyping® test (Roche, USA) at the Clinical Microbiology Operative Unit of six hospitals located in four provinces of the Calabria region.Cervical scrape specimens were also used to perform Pap smears for cytological analysis in a subset of 405 women; cytological classification of the samples was performed according to the Bethesda classification system.ResultsA total of 2974 women (31%) (C.I. 95% 30.09–31.94) were found to be HPV DNA positive for at least one (57.3%) or several (42.7%) HPV genotypes. Of single genotype HPV infections, 46.5% and 36.4 % were classed as high-risk (HR, Group 1) and low-risk (LR, Group 3) respectively, while 16.9% were classed as probably/possibly carcinogenic and 0.2% undetermined risk. Stratified by age, total HPV distribution, showed the highest prevalence within the range 30–39 years (37.2%), while single genotype infection distribution displayed a peak in women from the age range 20–29 years (37.5%). The most common high-risk HPV type was HPV 16 (19.1%), followed by HPV 31 (9.1%).ConclusionsWe provide epidemiological data on HPV age/genotype distribution in women living in the Calabria region with or without cytological abnormalities, further to the enhancement of HPV screening/prevention programmes for the local population.

Prevalence of “unclassified” HPV genotypes among women with abnormal cytology

“…As expected, the infection rates of both high and low risk viruses observed in our study are comparable to that obtained in other studies including Italian women participating in opportunistic screenings but higher than those observed among Italian women attending organized cervical cancer screening programs [ 17 , 19 ].…”

“…In Italy, several studies evaluating the HPV prevalence and genotype distribution have been performed among women enrolled in organized and in opportunistic screening programs [ 14 – 17 ]. All the studies confirmed the high prevalence of Group 1 HPV genotypes, particularly HP16, 31 and 18 in SIL and invasive cervical cancer [ 17 – 19 ]. However, some unclassified HPVs have been also found to be relatively common in women with normal cytology.…”

Human Papillomavirus: Six years genotype distribution of a hospital-based population study in women in Chongqing, China

“…The results of this study reveal a 22.3% overall prevalence of HPV infection in Chongqing province. The infection rate of HPV in Chongqing province was slightly lower than that reported in a previous study in the same region (26.2%) [13], similar to that in the north of Chengdu (23.05%) [14] and Henan (22.8%) [15], noticeably higher than that in Zhejiang (13.3%) [16] and Xinjiang (14.02%) [17], but signi cantly lower than that in Harbin (36.5%) [18], Fujian (38.3%) [8] and Calabria (31%) [19]. The reason for the differences in HPV prevalence between that reported in our and a previous study [13] may be that most of the participants took part in the screening in the previous study because of the discomfort symptoms of the reproductive tract, while women recruited in our study had more understanding of HPV and wanted to put HPV screening into the routine practice.…”

<p>Evaluation of p16 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer for a 10-Year Study in Northeast China: Significance of HPV in Correlation with PD-L1 Expression</p>

“…High risk HPV infection is usually an important factor of epithelial malignant tumors, which is infected in squamous epithelium by a non-enveloped DNA virus. [8][9][10] Previous studies have indicated numerous pathogenesis of EOC, but HPV infection has been pointed out by many scholars as an necessary pathogenic factor, and PCR is usually used as its detection method. 10 Women of gender are more likely to contract HPV and the prevalence rate exceeds 80%.…”

“…[4][5][6][7] The prevalence of HPV-associated female malignant tumors has been increasing in multiple populations including the Western Europe, Australia, and United States. [8][9][10] Nonetheless, few attempts have been made to analyze a panel of prevalence, significance, prognostic, and correlations of HPV infection in ovarian cancer in a Chinese cohort, account for 1/4 of the global population. The clinic pathologic features and precise pathogenesis of HPV-related ovarian cancer in Northeast China are still unclear.…”