Situational Crime Prevention: Theory, Practice and Evidence

Eck, John E.; Clarke, Ronald V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20779-3_18

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…If the risks surpass the benefits, the potential offender is deterred from committing the intended crime (Kleemans et al, 2012). While SCP comprises a range of crime reduction approaches, Eck and Clarke (2019) propose three key categories of deterrents: increasing the perceived level of action required to commit the crime; increasing the perceived risks of getting caught in the criminal act and decreasing anticipated rewards. Traditional management of situational measures has focused on changing the vulnerability of an environment susceptible to crime.…”

Section: Antecedents Of Fle Guardianship Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the antecedents of frontline service employee guardianship behaviours

Potdar¹,

Garry²,

Gnoth³

et al. 2021

JSTP

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PurposeThis study aims to provide empirically generated insights into the drivers of guardianship behaviour among frontline service employees (FLEs) within retail settings.Design/methodology/approachThe research framework comprises a quantitative survey of 507 frontline service employees at national supermarkets within New Zealand.FindingsThe findings of the survey suggest that service employee perceptions of internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, their level of psychological ownership towards the supermarket and personal moral beliefs, shape their guardianship behaviours and, consequentially, the prevention of in-store deviant behaviours by customers such as shoplifting.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is twofold. First, it offers both a conceptual foundation and an empirical-based evaluation of the antecedents and role of guardianship behaviour among frontline service employees. Second, the conceptual model derived from this research may aid practitioners in developing strategies that engender guardianship behaviours in their employees within service contexts.

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Section: Antecedents Of Fle Guardianship Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into the antecedents of frontline service employee guardianship behaviours

Potdar¹,

Garry²,

Gnoth³

et al. 2021

JSTP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hollis et al (2013) suggest two important distinctions for what guardianship is not. Namely, guardianship is distinct from both formal and informal social control, and guardianship is not synonymous with target-hardening activities (Eck and Clarke, 2019). The first aspect was addressed by Hollis et al (2013), suggesting that individuals, most often persons other than police officers or security guards (Felson and Boba, 2010, p. 28), deter crime by their mere presence.…”

Section: Placing the Individualmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other target-hardening implementations operate as enhancements on the target, which are not necessarily visible or known to the would-be offender beforehand but increase the “price” the perpetrator has to pay to achieve his or her goal. Put differently, these are measures that increase the effort required from the perpetrator to successfully carry out an attack once it has already commenced (Eck and Clarke, 2019). Most cyber-attacks have relevance in the latter category.…”

Section: Internal Spheres Of Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The individual’s role in cybercrime prevention: internal spheres of protection and our ability to safeguard them

Kikerpill

2020

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Purpose As a well-known social institution, crime prevention has traditionally been in the purview of public authorities. However, the ceaseless increase in the use of online resources and governments’ responsibilisation approach to cybercrime prevention has created an ecosystem, which necessitates the empowerment of individuals. By introducing the concept of internal spheres of protection, the purpose of this paper is to show how traditionally public responsibilities require increased facilitation by individuals to adequately safeguard what they value. Design/methodology/approach This is a brief conceptual paper, which recasts the individual’s role in cybercrime prevention through a critique of the routine activity theory (Cohen and Felson, 1979) and explains how responsibilisation (Garland, 1996) has created an unavoidable need to provide individuals with the knowledge and tools required to avoid online victimisation. Findings In the context of cybercrime, criminological theories that are limited in considering the individual both as the target of crime and the person likeliest to prevent it are quickly becoming outdated. Public authorities either cannot intervene or are moving away from intervening on citizens’ behalf to effectively stymie the pressure from cybercriminals. Thus, there is a need of an approach that starts with individuals and their value-based motivations. Originality/value The concept of internal spheres of protection is a novel way of looking at cybercrime prevention. The internal spheres are based on individuals’ values, and the value of security in particular, and take cyber-knowledge as a point of departure towards safeguarding such values, i.e. through risk-decreasing actions and the use of relevant tools.

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“…Although mechanisms for prevention and tackling of supermarket related theft has been put in place, in Kenya supermarkets have estimated losses incurred through theft and shoplifting being worth Kshs 3 billion yearly, (Kibacia and Siror, 2017). Retail Outlet employee theft is also said to be driven by other motive factors such as an opportunity or greed, and need rationalization (Eck, 2019).…”

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another central thing that is suggested by researchers to relate to the practice of staffs' theft and criminal behavior, escalates from morally and ethically deficient actions (Lind and Kääriäinen, 2018). Employee theft is also said to be driven by other motive factors such as an opportunity or greed, and need rationalization (Eck, 2019). This provides the ground for this study on employee theft.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Situational Factors Influencing Employee Theft in Supermarket Outlets: A Survey of Kisumu City, Kenya

2020

RHSS

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Employees' theft is an act of stealing, use, or misuse of an employer's asset without his or her consent. Despite the security surveillance measures taken by the supermarket retail outlets, these businesses are yet to have any significant reduction in the theft cases in the supermarkets. The study aimed to establish the effects of situational factors on employees' theft in the supermarket outlets within Kisumu City, Kenya. The objectives of the study were: to assess the effect of prevailing opportunity to steal on employees' theft, to examine the contribution of organizational values and culture to employees' theft, to establish how employees' attributes contribute to theft and to determine the effect of job dissatisfaction on employees' theft in the supermarkets within Kisumu City. The study adopted a cross-sectional qualitative research design. The study was informed by Rational Choice Theory developed by Siegel and McCormick, 2006, and Equity Theory of Employee Motivation established by Adams. In this study, a qualitative survey design was adopted. A convenient sampling technique was used to sample 10 managers, 10 cashiers, and 10 subordinate staff from 10 supermarket outlets within Kisumu City out of the target population of 400 employees. The analyzed demographic data were presented in frequency tables and charts while qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study revealed that the availability of opportunity to steal is one of the main reasons why employees working in supermarkets indulge in workplace theft. This occurs due to the use of weak monitoring systems to curb theft-related cases by supermarket managers. Besides, the study established that staff who steal from the workplace do not recognize the formal organizational values and practices imposed by the management. As a result, poor organization values and cultural practices have a meaningful effect on the employees in the supermarkets thus influence employees' theft. This, therefore, means that organizational values guide the employees on what is right or wrong and what is most important in life, hence greatly controls their behavior in the organizations. Moreover, employees with negative personal attributes for instance were more likely inclined towards engaging in criminal behavior such as theft than those who did not. The study recommends that future researchers should conduct a comparative study on the causes of job dissatisfaction and how it contributes to employees' theft. Lastly, the study recommends that further research should be conducted on the overall perception of the workplace theft by employees across the different organizations.

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Situational Crime Prevention: Theory, Practice and Evidence

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

An investigation into the antecedents of frontline service employee guardianship behaviours

An investigation into the antecedents of frontline service employee guardianship behaviours

The individual’s role in cybercrime prevention: internal spheres of protection and our ability to safeguard them

Situational Factors Influencing Employee Theft in Supermarket Outlets: A Survey of Kisumu City, Kenya

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