Sitosterol in juvenile type II hyperlipoproteinemia

Effects of acipimox on plasma lipids and biliary lipids in healthy subjects

“…Our findings of elevated HDL-cholesterol with Acipimox are in agreement with findings by Sirtori et al [45], Noseda et al [32], and Stuyt et al [49] who published increases by 20%, 6%, and 11%, respectively, as compared to our 9.8%. Similar effects have been described for nicotinic acid [7,35], bezafibrate [22,30,42] and etophylline-clofibrate [15], while effects of clofibrate and ion exchange resins [8,10,29,30,35,43,47,53] were inconsistent, and [3-sitosterol [38] and probucol [30] led to decreases of HDL-cholesterol concentrations. Inconsistent effects were also published with regard to dietary influences [17,19,34,37,39,40,46].…”

Phytosterols/Stanols Lower Cholesterol Concentrations in Familial Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

“…2). In the study of Schlierf et al [23] 12 g/day of ␤-sitosterol reduced HDL-C markedly by 15%, whereas none of the other studies showed this adverse effect. TG concentrations were not affected.…”

“…The results of the two trials [23,24] that used very high dosages administered in granulate form were excluded from the meta-analysis since several studies have found that high dietary intakes of plant sterols are not necessary as they may lower carotenoid concentrations [30 -34] and elevate plasma plant sterol levels with no additional cholesterol lowering effect [30]. Furthermore, NCEP/ATP III has established that 2 g/day of phytosterols/stanols is an effective dose to reduce LDL-C in mild and moderate HC subjects [15].…”

“…The trials were carried out under freeliving conditions and used plant sterols or plant stanols. In the late 1970s sterols were administered in granulate form and much higher dosages were used, 12 g/day [23] and 24 g/day [24]. In the other studies [19 -22], fat spreads were used as vehicle for the sterols/stanols and the dosages ranged from 1.6 to 2.8 g sterols/stanols per day ( Table 2).…”

“…The meta-analysis for TC, LDL-C and HDL-C was performed on four trials [19 -22]. The reasons for excluding two trials [23,24] are discussed in the following section. For TG, the meta-analysis was only performed on two trials [21,22] as the data in the other two trials Cholesterol Lowering Capacity of Sterols/Stanols in FH [19,20] were presented as geometric mean (range) and median (range) instead of mean Ϯ SD and mean Ϯ SEM.…”