Site-Specific Modeling of SH and P-SV Waves for Microzonation Study of Kolkata Metropolitan City, India

Vaccari, Franco; Walling, M. Yanger; Mohanty, William K.; Nath, Sankar Kumar; Verma, Akhilesh Kumar; Sengupta, A.; Panza, G. F.

doi:10.1007/s00024-010-0141-x

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In contrast to this, 1-2 story buildings may suffer more damage in Rash Bihari Avenue area during local earthquakes. Very large amplification in low frequency range in Kolkata city (Vaccari et al 2011) and in Roorkee city (Singh 2009), both situated in Ganga basin, has been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Deterministic seismic microzonation of Kolkata city

Shiuly

Narayan

2011

Nat Hazards

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Abstracts This paper presents the deterministic seismic microzonation of densely populated Kolkata city situated on the world's largest delta island with very soft and thick soil deposit in the surficial layers. A fourth-order accurate staggered-grid finite-difference algorithm for SH-wave propagation simulation in visco-elastic medium is used for the linear computation of ground motion amplifications in sedimentary deposit. Different maps such as for fundamental frequency (F 0 ), peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity, and peak ground displacement are developed for variety of end-users communities, including structural and geotechnical engineers for performance-based designs, building officials, emergency managers, land-use planners, private businesses, and the general public. The scenario of simulated amplification factors in the different frequency bands revealed that the Kolkata city is very much prone to severe damage even during a moderate earthquake and very selective damage may occur at some of the localities during local and distant earthquakes. The deterministically predicted PGA at bedrock level is 0.0844 g and the maximum PGA predicted at the free surface is 0.6 g in Kolkata city due to maximum credible earthquake (M w = 5.4) associated with Eocene Hinge Zone at a depth of 36 km. The seismic microzonation of Kolkata city reveals that the Nager Bazar and Nimtala areas are the safest regions with earthquake point of view.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Deterministic seismic microzonation of Kolkata city

Shiuly

Narayan

2011

Nat Hazards

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“…account, and it is therefore possible a detailed study of the wavefield that propagates even at large distances from the epicenter. The procedure is described in some detail by Panza et al (2001, and it has been employed in several studies worldwide (e.g., Ding et al 2004;Parvez et al 2003Parvez et al , 2006Zuccolo et al 2008;Mohanty et al 2009;Vaccari et al 2011). The input parameters to be specified are the seismic source parameters of an earthquake scenario and the structural models through which the seismic waves propagate from the source to the site of interest.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the computation, we consider the earthquake of 12 June 1897, Shillong earthquake, M w = 8.1; focal mechanism: dip = 57 • , strike = 110 • and rake = 76 • ; focal depth = 9 km (Bilham and England 2001), located at a distance of about 460 km from Kolkata. Then, comparative analysis is made of the results obtained in this computation with earlier ones (Vaccari et al 2011) obtained considering the Calcutta earthquake that occurred on 15 April 1964, M w = 6.5; focal mechanism: dip = 32 • , strike = 232 • and rake = 56 • ; focal depth = 36 km (GSI 2000;Chandra 1977). In this paper the local seismic response in Kolkata city is analysed for two earthquake scenarios with different source mechanisms, one located near to Bay of Bengal and the other in the Shillong plateau.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Influence of epicentral distance on local seismic response in Kolkata City, India

et al. 2013

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The influence of source and epicentral distance on the local seismic response in the Kolkata city is investigated by computing the seismic ground motion along 2-D geological cross-sections in the Kolkata city for the earthquake that occurred on 12 June 1897 (M w = 8.1; focal mechanism: dip = 57 • , strike = 110 • and rake = 76 • ; focal depth = 9 km) in Shillong plateau. For the estimation of ground motion parameters, a hybrid technique is used, which is the combination of modal summation and finite difference method. This technique allows the estimation of site specific ground motion for various events located at different distances from Kolkata city, taking into account simultaneously the position and geometry of the seismic source, the mechanical properties of the propagation medium and the geotechnical properties of the site. The epicenter of the Shillong earthquake is about 460 km away from Kolkata. The estimated peak ground acceleration (PGA) varies in the range of 0.11-0.18 g and this range corresponds to the intensity of IX to X on the Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg (MCS) scale and VIII on the Modified Mercalli (MM) scale. The maximum amplification in terms of response spectral ratio (RSR) varies from 10 to 12 in the frequency range 1.0-1.5 Hz. These amplifications occur in correspondence to low-velocity shallow, loose soil deposit. The comparison of these results with earlier ones obtained considering the Calcutta earthquake that occurred on 15 April 1964 (M w = 6.5; focal mechanism: dip = 32 • , strike = 232 • and rake = 56 • ; focal depth = 36 km) shows that the source parameters (magnitude and focal mechanism) and epicentral distance play an important role on site response but the variation in the frequency of the peak values (RSR) is negligible. The obtained results match with observed reported intensities in Kolkata region.

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“…The basin consists of fluviomarine sediment of a pericratonic Tertiary basin. The surficial geology in and around Kolkata is rather uniform, and is characterized by the presence of 10-15 m of silty clay, below which relatively coarser sediments occur that consist of either silt or clay with kunkar or sand (Vaccari et al, 2011). Geomorphologically, it is a typical deltaic flat land with surface elevation ranging between 5.5 and 9.5 m a.m.s.l sloping mostly southward.…”

Section: Geomorphology Of Kolkatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake scenario in West Bengal with emphasis on seismic hazard microzonation of the city of Kolkata, India

Nath

Adhikari

Maiti

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Seismic microzonation is a process of estimating site-specific effects due to an earthquake on urban centers for its disaster mitigation and management. The state of West Bengal, located in the western foreland of the AssamArakan Orogenic Belt, the Himalayan foothills and Surma Valley, has been struck by several devastating earthquakes in the past, indicating the need for a seismotectonic review of the province, especially in light of probable seismic threat to its capital city of Kolkata, which is a major industrial and commercial hub in the eastern and northeastern region of India. A synoptic probabilistic seismic hazard model of Kolkata is initially generated at engineering bedrock (V 30 s ∼ 760 m s −1 ) considering 33 polygonal seismogenic sources at two hypocentral depth ranges, 0-25 and 25-70 km; 158 tectonic sources; appropriate seismicity modeling; 14 ground motion prediction equations for three seismotectonic provinces, viz. the east-central Himalaya, the Bengal Basin and Northeast India selected through suitability testing; and appropriate weighting in a logic tree framework. Site classification of Kolkata performed following in-depth geophysical and geotechnical investigations places the city in D1, D2, D3 and E classes. Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment at a surface-consistent level -i.e., the local seismic hazard related to site amplification performed by propagating the bedrock ground motion with 10 % probability of exceedance in 50 years through a 1-D sediment column using an equivalent linear analysis -predicts a peak ground acceleration (PGA) range from 0.176 to 0.253 g in the city. A deterministic liquefaction scenario in terms of spatial distribution of liquefaction potential index corresponding to surface PGA distribution places 50 % of the city in the possible liquefiable zone. A multicriteria seismic hazard microzonation framework is proposed for judicious integration of multiple themes, namely PGA at the surface, liquefaction potential index, NEHRP soil site class, sediment class, geomorphology and ground water table in a fuzzy protocol in the geographical information system by adopting an analytical hierarchal process. The resulting high-resolution surface consistent hazard, liquefaction and microzonation maps are expected to play vital roles in earthquake-related disaster mitigation and management of the city of Kolkata.

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Site-Specific Modeling of SH and P-SV Waves for Microzonation Study of Kolkata Metropolitan City, India

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Deterministic seismic microzonation of Kolkata city

Deterministic seismic microzonation of Kolkata city

Influence of epicentral distance on local seismic response in Kolkata City, India

Earthquake scenario in West Bengal with emphasis on seismic hazard microzonation of the city of Kolkata, India

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