Site and extent of cell-wall neutral monosaccharide digestion in dairy cows receiving diets with ear and husk meal maize silages from three different stages of maturity

Südekum, Karl‐Heinz; Puls, Jürgen; Brandt, M.; Vearasilp, Therdchai

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(92)90099-r

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“… †Organic matter apparently digested in the rumen; it was assumed that 60% of whole‐tract OM digestion occurred in the fore‐stomachs (Schröder et al., 1989, 1997; Südekum et al., 1992, 1994). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quantity of OM apparently digested in the rumen (ADOMR, kg/day) was obtained by multiplying the intake of digestible OM by the factor 0.6, i.e., the proportion of whole‐tract OM digestion occurring in the rumen. This value was the mean derived from experiments with dairy cows fed on a total of 10 mixed rations in earlier studies (Schröder et al., 1989, 1997; Südekum et al., 1992, 1994). This value is only slightly lower than the factor 0.64 reported by Rohr et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of amount of intake and stage of forage maturity on urinary allantoin excretion and estimated microbial crude protein synthesis in the rumen of steers

Südekum

Brüsemeister

Schröder

et al. 2005

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Using ruminally cannulated steers, we investigated how urinary allantoin excretion was related to variations in feed intake and stage of forage maturity. Further, different approaches were compared for predicting ruminal microbial crude protein (MCP) synthesis and its efficiency. Experimental diets were arranged in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design (experiment 1) and a 4 x 4 Latin square design (experiment 2). In experiment 1, a mixed diet [forage to concentrate, 68:32 on a dry matter (DM) basis] was fed at three intake levels corresponding to 1, 1.5 and 2 times maintenance energy requirements. In experiment 2, four silage-based diets were fed based on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenneL.), which was harvested at four maturity stages. Both experiments demonstrated the influence of diet on microbial growth rate and by this on efficiency of MCP synthesis, although the magnitude of the effects differed between approaches used for estimating MCP. Linear functions satisfactorily characterised the relationship between urinary allantoin excretion (y) and digestible organic matter (OM) intake (x, kg/day; experiment 1: y = 7.94 + 17.34 x; R(2) = 0.785) or intake of OM effectively degraded in the rumen (x, kg/day; experiment 2; y = 22.32 + 5.93 x; R(2) = 0.695). Urinary excretion of allantoin permitted a semi-quantitative prediction of MCP synthesis: ranking of diets and magnitude of changes in MCP synthesis were reflected.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of amount of intake and stage of forage maturity on urinary allantoin excretion and estimated microbial crude protein synthesis in the rumen of steers

Südekum

Brüsemeister

Schröder

et al. 2005

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Furthermore (Table 3), the rhamnose peak interfered with that of galactose, isomaltose could not be isolated from maltose, and the cellobiose peak overlaid that of sucrose. As rhamnose, mannose, isomaltose, and cellobiose are rarely found in plants and feed materials [20] these substances were not included in the mixed stock solutions and, thus, were not quantitatively analysed. However, the peaks of fructose and galactose in the chromatograms need to be thoroughly checked for tailing and other possible anomalies, because this may indicate the presence of mannose and rhamnose, respectively.…”

Section: Hplc Methods For the Detection Of Single Sugarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standard solutions (low and high), as well as the single sugar solutions were analysed in the HPLC system with an RID under the following varying analytical conditions: column type, eluent water or 0.01 N sulphuric acid, oven/column temperature (35,60,80, 85 • C), injection volume (10,20,30, and 50 µL), and flow rate (0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.65 mL/min). Those conditions that yielded the best resolution in compound separation were selected for the new sugar HPLC method.…”

Section: Optimisation Of Chromatographic Analysis For Separation Of Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Single Sugars, Including Inulin, in Plants and Feed Materials by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Refraction Index Detection

Weiß

Alt

2017

Fermentation

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Abstract:The exact and reliable detection of sugar monomers and fructans provides important information for the evaluation of carbohydrate metabolism in plants and animals. Using the HPLC method; a large number of samples and single sugars; with both high sensitivity and selectivity; may be analysed. It was shown that the described method-using a Nucleosil column loaded with Pb 2+ ions; a refractive index detector (RID); and HPLC-grade water as the eluent-gives precise and reproducible results regarding the detection of individual sugars in extracts of plants and feed materials. The method can be applied for the detection of sucrose; maltose; lactose; xylose; glucose; galactose; arabinose; fructose; ribose; and mannitol. Furthermore; depending on the plant material; the sugars verbascose; stachyose; and raffinose can be separated. The peaks were well resolved and the reproducibility of the analysis; with 94-108% of recovery (RC) and relative standard deviation (RSD) of up to 5%; was very good. The method was successfully applied to a variety of green forages and samples of sugar beet pulp silages. It is also possible to determine fructan with inulin as a standard; together with the other sugars; or alone by a different protocol and column.

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“…A similar ranking of cell wall monosaccharides on the basis of ruminal digestibilities was reported in steers fed wheat or barley straw supplemented with flaked maize and various N sources, after correction for microbial contribution (McAllan and Smith, 1976;McAllan, 1991). Similarly, in dairy cows fed ear and husk meal maize silage and grass hay, xylose had the lowest rumen apparent digestibility (0.46 to 0.66), followed by glucose (0.61 to 0.72) then arabinose (0.75 to 0.85), galactose (0.81 to 0.87) and mannose (0.80 to 0.84;Sü dekum et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Rumen digestion of rice straw structural polysaccharides: effect of ammonia treatment and lucerne extract supplementation in vitro

Agbagla-Dohnani

Cornu

Broudiscou

2012

animal

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The combined effects of lucerne (Medicago sativaL.) extract supplementation and ammonia treatment of rice straw (Oryza sativa, variety Thaibonnet) on the ruminal digestion of cell wall components were investigated in six continuous culture systems using a randomised complete block design. Data were fitted to second-order polynomial models. Untreated rice straw had higher contents of ash-free cell wall residues (CWR; 763v.687 g/kg dry matter (DM)) and non-cellulosic sugars (191v.166 g/kg DM) than treated rice straw. Ammoniation preferentially removed xylose, which resulted in a lower xylose-to-arabinose ratio (5.1v.5.8). In absence of lucerne supplementation and ammoniation, degradability coefficients were 0.54, 0.46, 0.58, 0.54, 0.42 and 0.60 for cellulose–glucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, mannose and uronic acids, respectively. Both factors had significant effects on the microbial degradation of structural polysaccharides. With lucerne extract at an optimal level, ammonia treatment increased ash-free cell wall degradation by more than 10%. The degradability coefficients were increased by ammoniation without any significant interaction with lucerne extract, except for glucose, whose degradability was mostly influenced by lucerne extract in a curvilinear way. The comparison of regression coefficients in cell wall and CWR models suggested that ammoniation improved the degradabilities of xylose, galactose and mannose by partly solubilising the corresponding hemicelluloses and by improving the susceptibility of the remaining fraction to microbial attack, whereas it increased the degradability of arabinose only by favouring microbial attack.

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Site and extent of cell-wall neutral monosaccharide digestion in dairy cows receiving diets with ear and husk meal maize silages from three different stages of maturity

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of amount of intake and stage of forage maturity on urinary allantoin excretion and estimated microbial crude protein synthesis in the rumen of steers

Effects of amount of intake and stage of forage maturity on urinary allantoin excretion and estimated microbial crude protein synthesis in the rumen of steers

Determination of Single Sugars, Including Inulin, in Plants and Feed Materials by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Refraction Index Detection

Rumen digestion of rice straw structural polysaccharides: effect of ammonia treatment and lucerne extract supplementation in vitro

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