Sister Mary Joseph’s Nodule: Where Umbilicus Holds the Truth!

Abstract

An umbilical metastasis from an internal visceral malignancy is defined as Sister Mary Joseph's nodule (SMJN), and, although a rare finding, it is a very poor prognostic indicator. We describe an interesting case of metastatic colon cancer with SMJN, emphasizing the significance of this classic finding. A 64-year-old female with a history of stage IV colon cancer with palliative right hemicolectomy and left hepatectomy presented to the hospital with nausea and abdominal discomfort. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen was performed, which showed small bowel obstruction secondary to metastatic tumor mass compressing the duodenum. She refused to undergo any chemotherapy or endoscopic intervention and was eventually discharged on hospice care. During the hospital stay an umbilical ulcerative lesion was also noted, which was violaceous, measuring 4.5 x 4 cm in size, firm in consistency with irregular borders, and tender to touch. Therefore, further history was obtained from the patient about it. Several months ago, she had developed localized swelling around the umbilicus, which gradually enlarged and ulcerated later. She eventually underwent the biopsy of that umbilical lesion, which confirmed it as SMJN with metastasis from the colonic primary. However, the patient refrained from the surgical intervention of the umbilical lesion. SMJN presents as a palpable periumbilical metastatic mass with diameter usually not exceeding 5 cm in size. It can be variable in color from violaceous to reddish brown. Once discovered, such lesions should be worked up with biopsy and imaging studies such as CT scan of the abdomen, as the nodule may be indicative of underlying malignancy or cancer recurrence. Its presence indicates a poor prognosis, with average survival time after diagnosis of SMJN of 10 months.

Umbilical Nodule Metastasis from Unknown Primary: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma

“…Primary site of malignancy varies in males and females. 5 Umbilical lesion might be the only site of involvement in 5% of cases. 6 7 Median survival of patients with CUPS varies from 6 to 9 months.…”

A Huge Sister Mary Joseph’s Nodule From Signet Ring Cell Gastric Carcinoma Showing Good Response to FOLFOX-Based Chemotherapy Regimen

“…The primary malignant tumor associated with SMJN is considerably different in men and women. In men, the most common primary site is the stomach, followed by the colon and pancreas, whereas in women, SMJN originates more frequently from ovarian cancer followed by the endometrium, colorectal and pancreas [ 1 , 4 , 16 ].…”