Sister chromatid exchanges occur in G₂-irradiated cells

Sister chromatid exchanges in breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy

“…These conditions emerge from X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1) deficiency, inhibition or reduction of polymerase-1 (PARP-1), exposure to hydrogen peroxide and drugs causing double-strand breaks such as aphidicolin, camptothecin, and hydroxyurea. It is also expressed that the simplest mechanism constituting SCE is the restart behavior of homologous-recombination to repair broken replication fork when replication fork encountered a gap, or a notch in ancestral DNA strand (Wilson and Thompson, 2007;Conrad et al, 2011) Some studies showed an increase in frequency of SCE and chromosomal aberrations (CA) occurring as a result of spontaneous or mutagens in somatic cells of patients with different types of cancer. Similarly, it is interesting that some other research detected increases in SCE's in patients with different types of diseases such as cervical uterine cancer, cutaneous malignant melanoma, malignant lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, breast cancer and cervical uterine tumors of epithelial-origin (Aristei et al, 2009;Dhillon and Dhillon, 1998).…”

“…It is also expressed that increases in SCE frequency in cancer patients are based on negative effects resulting from metabolic stress caused by tumor development (Kopjar et al, 2007). There are publications expressing that chromosome instability indicated through SCE is closely related to the pathogenesis of malignancies (Aristei et al, 2009;Livingston et al, 1983;Mark and Bland, 1996), and is informative about the level of DNA damage and repair and reflects the negative effects of mutagenic agents (Aristei et al, 2009;Conrad et al, 2011;Digkas et al, 2010;Norppa et al, 2006;Salah et al, 2011). Three methods, namely analysis of CA, micronucleus formation (MN) and SCE have been used in determining the mutagenic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on patients and especially, SCE is considered as a powerful diagnostic method in detecting the effects of chemicals suspected of having carcinogenic potential (Raposa and Varkonyi, 1987).…”

“…Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) occurs through a mechanism responsible for symmetrical exchanges involving DNA fragmentation and reunification of breaks between homologous parts of chromosomes in newly synthesized DNA chains as a result of DNA replication (Aristei et al, 2009;Conrad et al, 2011;Dhillon and Dhillon, 1998;Dominici et al, 2011;Kopjar et al, 2009;Wilson and Thompson, 2007). Negative conditions leading to DNA single-strand breaks generally form a basis for SCE.…”

Mutagenicity and genotoxicity of dicapthon insecticide

“…Some of the OPs also showed a mutagenic effect in Ames test (Carver et al 1985;Kappas et al 1990;Sierra-Tores et al 1998;Karabay and Oguz 2005;Wu et al 2010). Since CAs are characterized by changes in either chromosomal structure or in the total number of chromosomes (Russel 2002), SCEs represent recombinogenic events arising at DNA lesions (Conrad et al 2011), and MN are expressed in cells when either acentric chromosome fragments of whole chromosomes fail to be segregated to the daughter nuclei during mitosis (Fenech and Bonassi 2011), they are one of the best-established cytogenetic methods for the determination of the genotoxic effects of pesticides in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (Yılmaz et al 2008;Ennaceur et al 2008;Kocaman and Topaktaş 2010;Ü nal et al 2011). Dicapthon did not induce SCEs in human peripheral blood lymphocytes except 100 lg/mL concentration.…”

The Influence of the CTIP Polymorphism, Q418P, on Homologous Recombination and Predisposition to Radiation-Induced Tumorigenesis (mainly rAML) in Mice

“…We also examined the efficiency of HR using SCEs (25). Differences in the yield of SCEs among CBA/H, C57BL/6 and 129S2/SvHsd MEFs either treated with MMC [a DNA interstrand crosslinker and inducer of SCEs (26)] or exposed to alpha-particle radiation were investigated.…”