2 If this were not so, one is compelled to ask why there is such controversy concerning the number of public employees in Spain in 2013 ("Are there many public employees in Spain?" Arenilla and Delgado, 2014). Moreover, some of the most prominent members of the Academy of Law in Spain have voiced their doubts regarding the performance and outcomes of administrative modernization programs ("We are doing something wrong", stated the daily El País, 20 February 2014, García and Esteve).