Sisal chemo‐thermomechanical pulp paper with a strongly hydrophobic surface coating produced by a pentafluorophenyldimethylsilane cold plasma

Abstract

Fluorinated thin layers were created on CTMP sisal and filter paper surfaces by using pentafluorophenyldimethylsilane (PFPDMS) under RF-plasma conditions. Surface wettability and water absorption of unmodified and modified samples of both materials were evaluated through contact angle and Cobb test techniques, respectively. The mechanical strength and optical properties were also analyzed. The surface functional groups produced were evaluated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy. Surface morphological changes after plasma treatment were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). PFPDMS-plasma treatment of sisal CTMP reduced water absorption from more than 400 , and after PFPDMS-plasma treatment it was 134. Strength properties were slightly reduced in some cases and brightness was reduced in most of the trials, turning to yellow. ATR FT-IR and ESCA spectroscopy indicated a fluorinated aromatic surface, whereas AFM and SEM showed a smooth surface coating for both sisal and filter paper after PFPDMS-plasma treatment. A fully coated surface with a very high hydrophobic character was observed. This new property can be attributed to the formation of a crosslinked polymer network of covalently bound PFPDMS-based units on the paper surface as shown by the presence of CASi, CAOASi, CACF x , and CAF bonds.

Residual sisal fibers treated by methane cold plasma discharge for potential application in cement based material

“…Due to the physical process the treatment does not make use of water and chemicals and thus is considered quick and environmentally friendly without generating any contamination. Besides the operating costs are lower than some chemical treatments, such as those based on silanes (Shenton and Stevens, 2001;Indarto et al, 2005;Morent et al, 2008;Felekoglu et al, 2009;Navarro et al, 2009). Based on the outcomes of interactions with materials, cold plasmas can be classified into the broad categories like as plasma polymerization, plasma treatment, and plasma etching (Siow et al, 2006).…”

Application of polymer nanoparticle coating for tuning the hydrophobicity of cellulosic substrates

“…Scientifically proven, but commercially less attractive, techniques for modifying cellulose fiber surfaces include graft polymerization, 4-10 oxygen-plasma treatment, 11 plasma-assisted coating deposition, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] chemical vapor deposition, 21 pentafluorobenzoylation, 22 esterification, 23 or silylation. 24 Surface sizing is commonly applied on the size press, using a gelatinized solution of starch in cooked or modified form, with wax emulsions or additives.…”

Funcionalização de fibras vegetais com plasma frio de metano para desenvolvimento de novos produtos em fibrocimento

“…Por esse motivo, torna-se adequado para modificações superficiais em materiais orgânicos, visto que o material a ser tratado fica mais próximo à temperatura ambiente. A maioria das reações propiciadas por esse processo envolvem a formação de radicais livres (SABHARWAL et al, 1993;NAVARRO et al, 2009).…”

“…Comparado aos tratamentos convencionais via química úmida, o tratamento por plasma é considerado uma alternativa rápida e segura para fins de modificação da superfície de fibras, visto que é um processo limpo, pois não são utilizados produtos químicos poluentes, não gera resíduos perigosos, e possui baixo custo operacional (SHENTON;STEVENS, 2001;FELEKOGLU et al, 2009;NAVARRO et al, 2009). Assim, além de eliminar riscos de segurança humana associados à manipulação de produtos químicos perigosos, minimiza problemas ambientais decorrentes da geração e do descarte de efluentes líquidos e sólidos.…”

“…O tratamento por plasma tem sido considerado uma alternativa rápida e segura para fins de modificação da superfície de materiais orgânicos e inorgânicos, visto que é um processo limpo, pois não são utilizados poluentes, não gera resíduos perigosos e possui baixo custo operacional comparado aos tratamentos convencionais via química úmida como, por exemplo, tratamentos com silanos (SHENTON;STEVENS, 2001;FELEKOGLU et al, 2009;NAVARRO et al, 2009;POPESCU et al, 2011).…”