Sirtuin functions in the brain: From physiological to pathological aspects

Abstract

Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) dependent deacetylases involved in multiple biological functions including metabolism, inflammation, stress resistance and aging. In mammals, there are seven members (Sirt1-Sirt7), with diversities in their subcellular localizations and enzymatic activities. Here, we review the functions of sirtuins, with a focus on their roles in normal brain physiology such as neural development regulation, body homeostasis maintenance, and memory formation. We also discuss the role of sirtuins in a variety of brain diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and motor neuron dysfunction. Because of the emerging functions of sirtuins in brain physiology and pathology, drugs targeting sirtuins may offer potential therapeutic values for brain disorders.

Propagation of errors in citation networks: a study involving the entire citation network of a widely cited paper published in, and later retracted from, the journal Nature

“…The first [ 37 ], an original contribution, calls the Narayan result “controversial” while citing [ 29 ]. The second [ 38 ], a review article, notes both [ 29 ] and the retraction itself.…”

A Review of Bio-Oil Production from Sewage Sludge

“…With high rate of energy recovery, economics of these technologies is superior to that of sludge incineration; in these ways, sewage sludge is pyrolyzed into three forms: solid, gaseous and liquid, with utilization of these three kinds energy, the whole process gives a net energy output; furthermore, burning efficiency of derived bio-oil is nearly four times higher than that of sludge incineration [59,60].…”

Development of Resource Processing Technology for Heavy Oil Sludge

“…Since then, foreign oil refinery has developed a variety of pyrolysis processes [8], including low-temperature pyrolysis condensation process developed by HEUER. KREBS [9] and Pinjing He [10] has researched on low-temperature pyrolysis of sewage sludge and optimized relevant parameters through intermittent operation. Qiao Li has formed a patent on drying technology of oily mud cake utilizing pyrolysis process and waste heat of boiler [11,12].…”