Single step microwaves assisted catalytic conversion of plastic waste into valuable fuel and carbon nanotubes

Ramzan, Fazeela; Shoukat, Bilal; Naz, Muhammad Yasin; Shukrullah, Shazia; Ahmad, Fayyaz; Naz, Ishrat; Makhlouf, M.M.; Farooq, M. Umar; Kamran, Kashif

doi:10.1016/j.tca.2022.179294

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Despite the concentration of gases decreased in 4 min, the percentage of the H 2 had the highest percentage ranging from 56.17% to 58.10% in water hyacinth and water lettuce compared to others. Ramzan et al. (2022) stated that the higher temperature in pyrolysis plays a major role to increase H 2 yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertization of metals and hydrogen production as a byproduct from water hyacinth and water lettuce via plasma pyrolysis

Sanito

Lidwina

Yang

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertization of metals and hydrogen production as a byproduct from water hyacinth and water lettuce via plasma pyrolysis

Sanito

Lidwina

Yang

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…Researchers used a microwave-assisted approach with various sol–gel-produced catalysts, including NiFe 2 O 4 , Al 2 O 3 , and Fe 2 O 3 . The inquiry concentrated on the valuing of plastic and how it became CNTs …”

Section: Agricultural Waste and Biochar: Source Of Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Progress and Outlook

Malode,

Pandiaraj,

Alodhayb

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Recent developments in nanoscale materials have found extensive use in various fields, especially in the biomedical industry. Several substantial obstacles must be overcome, particularly those related to nanostructured materials in biomedicine, before they can be used in therapeutic applications. Significant concerns in biomedicine include biological processes, adaptability, toxic effects, and nano-biointerfacial properties. Biomedical researchers have difficulty choosing suitable materials for drug carriers, cancer treatment, and antiviral uses. Carbon nanomaterials are among the various nanoparticle forms that are continually receiving interest for biomedical applications. They are suitable materials owing to their distinctive physical and chemical properties, such as electrical, high-temperature, mechanical, and optical diversification. An individualized, controlled, dependable, low-carcinogenic, target-specific drug delivery system can diagnose and treat infections in biomedical applications. The variety of carbon materials at the nanoscale is remarkable. Allotropes and other forms of the same element, carbon, are represented in nanoscale dimensions. These show promise for a wide range of applications. Carbon nanostructured materials with exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties include graphene and carbon nanotubes. They can potentially revolutionize industries, including electronics, energy, and medicine. Ongoing investigation and expansion efforts continue to unlock possibilities for these materials, making them a key player in shaping the future of advanced technology. Carbon nanostructured materials explore the potential positive effects of reducing the greenhouse effect. The current state of nanostructured materials in the biomedical sector is covered in this review, along with their synthesis techniques and potential uses.

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“…Carbon black is highly stable; therefore, no further chemical changes will occur during high-temperature processing. [25,26]…”

Section: Primary Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical sensitivity analysis of temperature‐dependent reaction rate constants for optimized thermal conversion of high‐density plastic waste into combustible fuels

et al. 2023

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The use of experimental rate constants for producing a high yield of liquid fuels from the pyrolysis of plastic waste is not widely accepted owing to a lack of compatibility between the different kinetic rate constants responsible for successful conversion reactions. In R software, the Arrhenius law can forecast the ideal combination of reaction rate constants and frequency factors and then perform sensitivity analysis on individual rate constants to estimate the selectivity and quantity of primary pyrolysis products. Sensitivity analysis is a way of determining the effectiveness of individual rate constants in the reaction. This research element is currently lacking in the literature for the cost‐effective valorization of plastics into combustible fuels. We are the first to use R software to perform sensitivity analysis on specific rate constants by reducing or raising their initial values to a point where maximum oil yield is attainable in the temperature range of 340–370°C. The primary focus was to save time and cost of extracting empirical rate constants from experiments to produce commercial‐scale pyrolytic oil. The H‐abstraction, chain fission, polymerization, and scission reactions were chosen due to the high availability of free radicals for maximum oil production. The oil recovery rate improved drastically to 90% at the end of processing time, while the number of by‐products gradually decreased. The k8 rate constant driven reaction is the best‐suited condition for industrial‐scale pyrolysis of high‐density plastics into liquid fuels, with 74% improvement in oil production and 14% improvement in light wax during sensitivity analysis.

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Single step microwaves assisted catalytic conversion of plastic waste into valuable fuel and carbon nanotubes

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Inertization of metals and hydrogen production as a byproduct from water hyacinth and water lettuce via plasma pyrolysis

Inertization of metals and hydrogen production as a byproduct from water hyacinth and water lettuce via plasma pyrolysis

Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Progress and Outlook

Numerical sensitivity analysis of temperature‐dependent reaction rate constants for optimized thermal conversion of high‐density plastic waste into combustible fuels

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