Single step extraction and derivatization of intramuscular lipids for fatty acid Ultra Fast GC analysis: application on pig thigh

Abstract

Two different methods for single step transesterification from pig meat without fat extraction have been tested. Freeze-drying of the meat with and without anhydrous salt, followed by a base-catalyzed transmethylation (KOH/MeOH) was carried out. Both methods were compared with the standard Folch procedure of fat extraction followed by transmethylation. The methods were tested on a complete sample set of biceps femoris of pig thigh, used for the production of dry-cured ham. The set was divided in three subgroups according to total fat content. Both derivatization protocols on freeze-dried pork muscle were proven to be a valid alternative to the Folch procedure for FAME analysis. Freeze-drying method offered several advantages in comparison with the Folch procedure, including a lower solvent requirement, and process temperature, as well as considerable saving of time. In freezedrying, the addition of an anhydrous salt (Na 2 SO 4 ) gave more friable samples which resulted in higher yields for some fatty acids, particularly evident in the case of tissues with high lipid content.

A Comparison of Rice Straw and Whole-Crop Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Silage Supplements on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) Steers

“…Lipids were extracted and homogenized with a chloroform/methanol solution using a homogenizer (PT-MR3100 Kinematica, Luzern, Switzerland) [28]. The chloroform was aspirated in the dry bath (Type 16500, USA) at 50 • C using nitrogen gas.…”

Comprehensive Evaluation of Parameters Affecting One-Step Method for Quantitative Analysis of Fatty Acids in Meat

“…Recently emphasis has been placed on animal-derived muscle (meat) fatty acid (FA) analysis, because correct estimation of FA composition is required to define not only nutrient composition of meat, but also to obtain an accurate determination of treatment effects that may alter FA composition [1,2,3,4,5].…”

“…The most common process to analyse FAs is through the generation of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) using an initial solvent extraction of lipids, followed by transesterification of the resulting lipids with an alcohol, typically methanol. In recent years, many researches have avoided the solvent extraction step by employing an in-situ transesterification process, in which FAs in a sample are simultaneously extracted and transesterified [4]. Some studies have indicated that this direct process leads to an increase in quantification precision compared with conventional solvent extraction–transesterification procedures [16].…”