Single step biotransformation of corn oil phytosterols to boldenone by a newly isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Eisa, M.; El-Refai, Heba A.; Amin, Magdy A.

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2016.05.002

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The remaining articles cited the following species as possible AD producers: Mycolicibacterium smegmatis (mentioned as Mycobacterium smegmatis ) [ 6 , 47 , 95 ], Mycolicibacterium fortuitum (mentioned as Mycobacterium fortuitum ) [ 18 , 37 ], Nocardia sp. [ 22 ], Mycolicibacterium vaccae (mentioned as Mycobacterium vaccae ) [ 106 , 107 ], Micrococcus roseus [ 96 ], Bacillus subtilis [ 53 ], Fusarium moniliforme [ 70 ], Moraxella ovis [ 71 ], Aspergillus oryzae [ 89 ], Aspergillus nidulans [ 95 ], Alkalibacterium olivoapovliticus [ 109 ], and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 92 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The manuscripts categorized as “metabolic intermediates” were mainly related to phytosterol or cholesterol conversion to intermediates (84%). Only 6 documents reported the direct production of hormones by phytosterol [ 14 , 42 , 47 , 86 , 92 , 113 ]. The final step in the biosynthesis of testosterone, for example, is the reduction of AD to TS by 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biotransformation of Phytosterols into Androstenedione—A Technological Prospecting Study

et al. 2022

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Androstenedione (AD) is a key intermediate in the body’s steroid metabolism, used as a precursor for several steroid substances, such as testosterone, estradiol, ethinyl estradiol, testolactone, progesterone, cortisone, cortisol, prednisone, and prednisolone. The world market for AD and ADD (androstadienedione) exceeds 1000 tons per year, which stimulates the pharmaceutical industry’s search for newer and cheaper raw materials to produce steroidal compounds. In light of this interest, we aimed to investigate the progress of AD biosynthesis from phytosterols by prospecting scientific articles (Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases) and patents (USPTO database). A wide variety of articles and patents involving AD and phytosterol were found in the last few decades, resulting in 108 relevant articles (from January 2000 to December 2021) and 23 patents of interest (from January 1976 to December 2021). The separation of these documents into macro, meso, and micro categories revealed that most studies (articles) are performed in China (54.8%) and in universities (76%), while patents are mostly granted to United States companies. It also highlights the fact that AD production studies are focused on “process improvement” techniques and on possible modifications of the “microorganism” involved in biosynthesis (64 and 62 documents, respectively). The most-reported “process improvement” technique is “chemical addition” (40%), which means that the addition of solvents, surfactants, cofactors, inducers, ionic liquids, etc., can significantly increase AD production. Microbial genetic modifications stand out in the “microorganism” category because this strategy improves AD yield considerably. These documents also revealed the main aspects of AD and ADD biosynthesis: Mycolicibacterium sp. (basonym: Mycobacterium sp.) (40%) and Mycolicibacterium neoaurum (known previously as Mycobacterium neoaurum) (32%) are the most recurrent species studied. Microbial incubation temperatures can vary from 29 °C to 37 °C; incubation can last from 72 h to 14 days; the mixture is agitated at 140 to 220 rpm; vegetable oils, mainly soybean, can be used as the source of a mixture of phytosterols. In general, the results obtained in the present technological prospecting study are fundamental to mapping the possibilities of AD biosynthesis process optimization, as well as to identifying emerging technologies and methodologies in this scenario.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation of Phytosterols into Androstenedione—A Technological Prospecting Study

et al. 2022

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“…Several researchers have reported their work in developing a microbial biotransformation process with high yield of AD with wide industrial applications [9][10][11]. Therefore, it was important to understand the factors affecting the actual biotransformation process.…”

Section: Substrate Solubilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycobacterium neoaurum AD, ADD Three-stage fermentation [13] Pseudomonas aeruginosa AD,ADD, B Selective media containing 8-hydroxyquinoline [10] Nocardioides simplex AD, ADD, T Selective media containing Hp-β-CD [15] Mycobacterium smegmatis AD, ADD Selective media containing Hp-β-CD [16] Mycobacterium tuberculosis AD, ADD Selective media containing Hp-β-CD [17] Moraxella ovis AD, ADD Natural medium containing rice bran oil [11] Deinococcus radiodurans, AD, ADD Natural medium containing rice bran oil [11] Corynebacterium equi AD, ADD Natural medium containing rice bran oil [11] Corynebacterium urealyticum AD, ADD Natural medium containing rice bran oil [11] Mycobacterium smegmatis AD, ADD Selective media [18] AD: Androstenedione, ADD: androstadienedione, T: Testosterone, B: Boldenone.…”

Section: Product Strategy Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Biotransformation for the Production of Steroid Medicament

Rokade¹,

Ravindran²,

Singh³

et al. 2018

Secondary Metabolites - Sources and Applications

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Androstenedione (AD) is a steroid intermediate valuable for the production of steroid medicaments. Microbial biotransformation of phytosterol to produce AD is a wellresearched area. However, low substrate solubility of phytosterol in aqueous media and nucleus degradation of AD to androstadienedione (ADD) or 9-hydroxy-AD are the major obstacles for AD production leading to detailed research for optimization of biotransformation process. In this review, microbial transformation of AD with respect to the existing methods of chemical or biochemical synthesis of AD are extensively discussed. This review examines the microbial biotransformation process and limitations for enhanced AD production. Factors affecting the effective biotransformation process to obtain AD are discussed and limitations are highlighted. The main content of this review focuses on the recent and futuristic biotechnological advances and strategies in techniques to enhance AD bioprocess.

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“…Surfactants are also used to improve the solubilization of hydrophobic substrates [40]. Care has to be taken, particularly when growing cells are used, as high concentrations of surfactant may interfere with cell growth and activity [41]. The use of cyclodextrins and derivatives has also been reported as a tool to improve the solubility of hydrophobic substrates, particularly sterols [39,[42][43][44].…”

Section: Substrate Additionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Transformations of Plant Secondary Metabolites

Mutafova¹,

Fernandes²,

Mutafov³

et al. 2016

Bioprocessing of Plant in Vitro Systems

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The aim of this chapter is to present the authors' view on the place and role of microbial transformation reactions as a perspective means of processing of plantderived biologically active compounds into metabolites with new and/or increased activity and availability and decreased toxicity. Some microbial transformations providing information regarding metabolism in humans and mammals of plant-derived secondary metabolites applied as drugs and/or food additives are also considered.

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Single step biotransformation of corn oil phytosterols to boldenone by a newly isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Biotransformation of Phytosterols into Androstenedione—A Technological Prospecting Study

Biotransformation of Phytosterols into Androstenedione—A Technological Prospecting Study

Microbial Biotransformation for the Production of Steroid Medicament

Microbial Transformations of Plant Secondary Metabolites

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