Single-layer electrochromic device based on hydroxyalkyl viologens with large contrast and high coloration efficiency

Pan, Mingjun; Ke, Yulin; Ma, Long; Zhao, Shuai; Wu, N. J.; Xiao, Dingquan

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.206

Cited by 71 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The applied voltage to each ECD was fixed at −1.5, −1.3, and −1.5 V for magenta, blue, and green, respectively, which is the voltage representing the most stable chromic characteristics of each device. The dynamic transmittance was measured until it exhibited saturation behavior, and the redox kinetics was evaluated by comparing the time required for a 90% change in the transmittance from the bleached to the colored state and vice versa . As shown in Figure a, the transmittance of the magenta ECD was measured at the wavelength of 552 nm, and the times required for a 90% change in the transmittance for coloration and bleaching were 19 and 31 s, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and Transparent Electrochromic Displays with Simultaneously Implementable Subpixelated Ion Gel‐Based Viologens by Multiple Patterning

Kim

Myoung

2019

Adv Funct Materials

120

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Electrochromic materials reversibly change colors by redox reactions depending on the oxidation states. To utilize electrochromic materials for active-matrix display applications, an electrochromic display (ECD) requires simultaneous implementation of various colors and a fine-pixelation process. Herein, flexible and transparent ECDs with simultaneously implementable subpixelated EC gels by sequential multiple patterning are successfully demonstrated. Ionic liquid-based EC gels of monoheptyl-viologen, diheptylviologen (DHV), and diphenyl-viologen (DPV) are used to create the colors of ECDs: magenta, blue, and green, respectively. Especially, to realize an improved green color, DHV-DPV composite gels are synthesized. Three EC gels exhibit stable properties without degradation during repetitive operation. Moreover, a transmittance greater than 90% is maintained in a bleached state, which is sufficient for application as a transparent display. The subpixelation process for multicolored-flexible ECDs is designed to facilitate both easy fabrication and rapid operation with various patterns at low cost. The subpixelated EC gels using a film mask can be implemented to a minimum size of 200 µm. Furthermore, the subpixelated flexible ECDs exhibit high durability even after 1000 cycles of mechanical bending tests at a bending radius of 10 mm. Therefore, these EC materials can be used directly for flexible and transparent active-matrix displays.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and Transparent Electrochromic Displays with Simultaneously Implementable Subpixelated Ion Gel‐Based Viologens by Multiple Patterning

Kim

Myoung

2019

Adv Funct Materials

120

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“…The utilization of electrochromic (EC) devices has demonstrated to be a feasible approach to fabricate low-cost displays 33,34 exhibiting low operating voltages. 35,36 Furthermore, their simple device architecture 37,38 have enabled easy access to their fabrication by printing techniques. [39][40][41] The low number of layers and materials necessary to fabricate EC devices also favor the replacement of hazardous components by biodegradable alternatives.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable inkjet-printed electrochromic display for sustainable short-lifecycle electronics

et al. 2020

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“…It is well known that hydroxy is a typical auxochrome. Pan et al recently prepared a viologen molecule with hydroxy groups as substituents ( V8 , Figure 3), which was employed to fabricate a single-layer all-in-one ECD with polymer gel electrolyte [23]. The resulting ECD of V8 exhibited a low driving voltage (0.9 V), a remarkably high optical contrast up to 82% and an excellent coloration efficiency of >240 cm 2 C −1 .…”

Section: Viologen-based Electrochromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viologen-Based Electrochromic Materials: From Small Molecules, Polymers and Composites to Their Applications

et al. 2019

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Organic materials have gained considerable attention for electrochromic (EC) applications owing to improved EC performance and good processability. As a class of well-recognized organic EC materials, viologens have received persistent attention due to the structural versatility and property tunability, and are major active EC components for most of the marketed EC devices. Over the past two decades, extensive efforts have been made to design and synthesize different types of viologen-based materials with enhanced EC properties. This review summarizes chemical structures, preparation and EC properties of various latest viologen-based electrochromes, including small viologen derivatives, main-chain viologen-based polymers, conjugated polymers with viologen side-chains and viologen-based organic/inorganic composites. The performance enhancement mechanisms are concisely discussed. The current marketed viologens-based electrochromic devices (ECDs) are briefly introduced and an outlook on the challenges and future exploration directions for viologen-based materials and their ECDs are also proposed.

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Single-layer electrochromic device based on hydroxyalkyl viologens with large contrast and high coloration efficiency

Cited by 71 publications

References 42 publications

Flexible and Transparent Electrochromic Displays with Simultaneously Implementable Subpixelated Ion Gel‐Based Viologens by Multiple Patterning

Flexible and Transparent Electrochromic Displays with Simultaneously Implementable Subpixelated Ion Gel‐Based Viologens by Multiple Patterning

Biodegradable inkjet-printed electrochromic display for sustainable short-lifecycle electronics

Viologen-Based Electrochromic Materials: From Small Molecules, Polymers and Composites to Their Applications

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