Biodegradable inkjet-printed electrochromic display for sustainable short-lifecycle electronics

Pietsch, Manuel; Schlisske, Stefan; Held, Martin; Strobel, Noah; Wieczorek, Alexander; Hernandez‐Sosa, Gerardo

doi:10.1039/d0tc04627b

Cited by 47 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, certified tests in a compost environment have revealed full biodegradability for a device made of the same cellulose acetate, a gelatin-based electrolyte, printed gold ink, and PEDOT:PSS. [97] Hence, the cellulose acetate likely constitutes the degradation bottleneck in water and such electronic devices require compost conditions to degrade properly.…”

Section: Fully Biodegradable Light-emitting Device Under Isotropic Be...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Electronic Platforms Combining Elastomeric Stretchability and Biodegradability

Held

Pichler

Chabeda

et al. 2021

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Soft and stretchable electronic devices are expected to offer technological advances in the field of robotics, human–machine interfacing, and healthcare. Employing biodegradable elastomers, hydrogels, and nontoxic conductors would add significant value to and minimize the ecological impact of such disposable and transient electronic applications. Here, the biodegradable and photo‐crosslinkable elastomer poly(glycerol sebacic) acrylate (PGSA) is characterized for its use in soft and stretchable electronics. Its mechanical properties are investigated in terms of their chemical composition and compared to commonly used gelatin hydrogels. Furthermore, these materials are combined with interconnects made of liquid Galinstan in order to create functional substrates with certified biodegradability under ISO standards. The combination of these materials produces elastic circuit boards that act as soft platforms for body‐mounted sensors or biodegradable stretchable light‐emitting devices. These soft platforms reveal linear elongations at a break of 130% to 350% and similar moduli to nondegradable elastomers and human tissue, without any decrease in conductivity. Advanced applications in biofriendly packaging, soft robotics, and healthcare will greatly benefit from these biodegradable devices.

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Section: Fully Biodegradable Light-emitting Device Under Isotropic Be...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft Electronic Platforms Combining Elastomeric Stretchability and Biodegradability

Held

Pichler

Chabeda

et al. 2021

Advanced Sustainable Systems

Self Cite

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“…Another more recent example of a functional electrochromic device that incorporates water soluble PEDOT/PSS dispersions comes from the Hernandez-Sosa group who have reported on an inkjet printed biodegradable wearable electrochromic device. 25 The flexible and device architecture they developed involves PEDOT/PSS pixels connected to gold working electrodes and surrounded by a gold counter electrode, all of which is contained in a biocompatible gel electrolyte based on natural salts and gelatin-based hydrogel ( Fig. 5 ).…”

Section: Type I: Bleached To Coloured Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water soluble organic electrochromic materials

Welsh

Draper

2021

RSC Adv.

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“…Polymers, such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) are typical substrates, but other substrates have also been evaluated, such as textiles by Wei et al [21]. Pietsch et al have demonstrated a bio-degradable EC display for sustainable short-life cycle electronics [22]. This display comprised of a poly (3,4-et hylenedi oxythiophene) : polystyr ene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) electrochromic layer, a gelatin-based electrolyte and gold electrodes deposited on a cellulose di-acetate substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable roll-to-roll manufactured multi-layer smart label

Hakola

Jansson

Futsch

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Sustainability in electronics has a growing importance due to, e.g. increasing electronic waste, and global and European sustainability goals. Printing technologies and use of paper as a substrate enable manufacturing of sustainable electronic devices for emerging applications, such as the multi-layer anti-counterfeit label presented in this paper. This device consisted of electrochromic display (ECD) element, NFC (near field communication) tag and circuitry, all fully roll-to-roll (R2R) printed and assembled on plastic-free paper substrate, thus leading to a sustainable and recyclable device. Our setup uses harvested energy from HF field of a smartphone or reader, to switch an electrochromic display after rectification to prove authenticity of a product. Our novelty is in upscaling the manufacturing process to be fully printable and R2R processable in high-throughput conditions simulating industrial environment, i.e. in pilot scale. The printing workflow consisted of 11 R2R printed layers, all done in sufficient quality and registration. The printed antennas showed sheet resistance values of 32.9±1.9 mΩ/sq. The final yield was almost 1500 fully printed devices, and in R2R assembly over 1400 labels were integrated with 96.5% yield. All the assembled tags were readable with mobile phone NFC reader. The optical contrast (ΔE*) measured for the ECDs was over 15 for all the printed displays, a progressive switching time with a colour change visible in less than 5 s. The smart tag is ITO-free, plastic-free, fully printed in R2R and has a good stability over 50 cycles and reversible colour change from light to dark blue.

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Biodegradable inkjet-printed electrochromic display for sustainable short-lifecycle electronics

Abstract: The fabrication of electronics on the basis of biofriendly materials aims to counterbalance the negative trends conveyed by the short life-cycle of electronics. Furthermore, these materials open the possibility to...

Cited by 47 publications

References 63 publications

Soft Electronic Platforms Combining Elastomeric Stretchability and Biodegradability

Soft Electronic Platforms Combining Elastomeric Stretchability and Biodegradability

Water soluble organic electrochromic materials

Sustainable roll-to-roll manufactured multi-layer smart label

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