Single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes: considerations for study design in islet transplantation models

Abstract

Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) offers a very cost effective and expeditious technique that can be used in most strains of rodents, opening the field of DM research to an array of genotypic and phenotypic options that would otherwise be inaccessible. Despite widespread use of STZ in small animal models, the data available concerning drug preparation, dosing and administration, time to onset and severity of DM, and any resulting moribundity and mortality are often limited and inconsistent. Because of this, investigators inexperienced with STZ-induced diabetes may find it difficult to precisely design new studies with this potentially toxic chemical and account for the severity of DM it is capable of inducing. Until a better option becomes available, attempts need to be made to address shortcomings with current STZ-induced DM models. In this paper we review the literature and provide data from our pancreatic islet transplantation experiments using single high dose STZ-induced DM in NCr Athymic Nude mice with hopes of providing clarification for study design, suggesting refinements to the process, and developing a more humane process of chemical diabetes induction.

Preparation and in vivo evaluation of insulin-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles prepared from diblock copolymers of PLGA and PEG

“…9A-C. Streptozotocin uptake via the cell membrane GLUT2 glucose transporter, causing DNA alkylation and eventual b cell death, mimics autoimmune T-lymphocytesrelated insulitis that characterizes type 1 diabetes in humans (Rossini et al, 1977;Deeds et al, 2011). The appropriateness of chemically-induced diabetes in investigations involving drug testing or in therapies working via non-beta cell dependent pathways, such as new insulin formulation tested in this study, has been widely reported (Jederstrom et al, 2005;Sheshala et al, 2009).…”

Preventive and Protective Effect of Nishamalaki in STZ Induced Diabetic Complications in Wistar Rats

“…STZ in the dose 60-250mg/kg, body weight has been demonstrated to induce complete destruction of cells in most species within 24 hour [25], Rapid development of diabetes which many times resembles to Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Addition of Nicotinamide helps to preserve some pancreatic cells and gives the appearance of type 2 diabetes which is a well known model of Type 2 diabetes.…”

The Role of Stem Cell Injection in Amelioration of Diabetic Nephropathy in Experimentally Induced Diabetic Rats.

“…Sixty-eight rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in saline at a dose of 60 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days [12]. The development of hyperglycemia in rats was confirmed by blood glucose estimation after 11 days of first STZ injection.…”