Single-Crystal-like Perovskite for High-Performance Solar Cells Using the Effective Merged Annealing Method

Abstract

We report a simple, low cost, and quite effective method for achieving single-crystal-like CHNHPbI perovskite leading to a significant enhancement in the performance and stability of inverted planar perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). By employing a merged annealing method during the fabrication of an IPSC for preparing the perovskite CHNHPbI film, we remarkably increase the crystallinity of the CHNHPbI film and enhance the device performance and stability. An IPSC with the indium tin oxide/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)/CHNHPbI (active layer)/[6,6]-phenyl-C-butyric acid methyl ester/Al structure was fabricated using the merged annealing method and exhibited significantly enhanced performance with a high power conversion efficiency of 18.27% and a fill factor of 81.34%. Moreover, since two separate annealing processes are merged in the proposed annealing method, the fabrication step becomes much simpler and easier, leading to a reduction in fabrication costs.

Perovskite/Organic Bulk‐Heterojunction Integrated Ultrasensitive Broadband Photodetectors with High Near‐Infrared External Quantum Efficiency over 70%

“…Combining the application of NIR light sensitive organic acceptor, IEICO‐4F, the conflict between NIR light absorption and Vis light–induced electron transport can be resolved. The MAPbI 3 /PC 61 BM layer in IPD was fabricated by an MA process, which ensures the contact between MAPbI 3 and PC 61 BM. To reveal the influence of PC 61 BM distribution on the Vis light–induced charge transport of the IPDs, the other two reference fabricating processes, 1) annealing MAPbI 3 and PC 61 BM separately (two‐step annealing (TA)), 2) blending PC 61 BM inside the CB solution of PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F (Blend), were applied to introduce PC 61 BM inside the active layer of IPDs.…”

“…The intensity of C60 − in the OBHJ layer of the MA‐based sample is lower than that in TA‐based sample (Figure a,b), indicating less PC 61 BM of the MA‐based sample was dissolved into the OBHJ compared to the TA‐based sample in the process of spin‐coating OBHJ onto the MAPbI 3 /PC 61 BM layer. The reason can be attributed to the infiltration of PC 61 BM molecules into the perovskite film through the grain boundaries when MA process was applied, as shown in Figure e. The infiltrated PC 61 BM provides interface for extraction of Vis lightinduced free electrons from MAPbI 3 to PC 61 BM.…”

Improved Moisture Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells with a Surface‐Treated PCBM Layer

“…Figure a shows the device structure and its cross‐sectional image, which shows an intact film structure before exposure to air. The device was fabricated by the merged annealing method and shows highly crystalline grains. Figure b shows the photocurrent density–voltage ( J – V ) characteristics of the device before and after exposure to moisture.…”

“…In turn, more alternative electrodes such as gold and copper as well as interlayers such as Cr 2 O 3 and MoX have been applied in PSCs; therefore, their sustainability in commercial devices is still a topic of discussion . On the other hand, many highly efficient layered p‐i‐n devices use aluminum (Al) as an electrode, which is favorable because it is cheap and has a good energy level that matches that of the electron transporting layer (ETL) of PCBM, which is advantageous in that they exhibit little or no hysteresis . Moreover, whereas studies on the corrosion of silver electrodes serve as a backdrop to understanding how metal electrodes degrade in PSCs, the nuanced difference in visual indicators between the two electrodes and the faster corrosion of Al merit their own investigation.…”

MAPbI3 Incorporated with Carboxyl Group Chelated Titania for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells in Low-Temperature Process

“…Owing to their promising advantages such as low exciton binding energy, high charge carrier mobility [1,2,3,4,5,6,7], high absorption coefficient [8,9], and large charge carrier diffusion length [2,10,11], hybrid organic/inorganic perovskites have recently emerged as outstanding materials in photovoltaic technology [12,13,14]. Hence, the development of perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) with high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and cost-effectiveness is a challenging task that has become a very popular research area in the past few years [15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27].…”