Single Cell Studies on 19s Antibody Production

Nossal, G. J. V.; Szenberg, A.; Ada, G. L.; Austin, Caroline M

doi:10.1084/jem.119.3.485

Cited by 274 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Studies of Nossal et al (33), and M611er and Wigzell (29), favor the former "Unitarian concept." However, recent studies of Shearer et al (34) raise the possibility that the two types of antibody-producing cells arise from independent progenitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Requirement for Continuous Antigenic Stimulation in the Development and Differentiation of Antibody-Forming Cells

Hanna

Nettesheim

Francis

1969

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The levels of both antigen and specific immunoglobulin are considered important regulatory mechanisms which determine the size of the antibody-producing cell compartment. Uhr and Finkelstein (1) demonstrated that the presence of antigen is essential for continuous synthesis of 19S antibody at any stage after its initiation. Recent studies suggest that repeated antigen contact of immunocompetent cells is required for complete differentiation (2-4). The X-Y-Z immune cell maturation scheme of Sercarz and Coons (5) is established on this assumption.This concept of the continuous role of antigen in the immune response is consistent with the increasing body of evidence demonstrating that antigen does localize and persist in the lymphatic tissue during a primary response (6-9). One site in lymphatic tissue in which antigen has been demonstrated to be localized extracellularly is the germinal center (l(I-11). Although the functional significance of this antigen deposition is not completely resolved, experimental evidence demonstrates that there may be a causal relationship between the antigen localization and the presence and proliferation of the characteristic, large pyroninophilic cells of the germinal centers (8,12). These cells by morphologic and functional parameters are considered immunologically competent cells (13)(14)(15)(16)(17).We have further suggested that during the primary immune reaction the persistence of antigen in germinal centers is a dynamic process which is sensitive to and altered by the level of free specific antibody (18). Studies of Sahiar and Schwartz (19) showed that rabbits receiving heterologous passive antibody 1 hr after antigen had a marked decrease in germinal center hyperplasia during the primary response. Thus two parameters reflect antibody-mediated immune suppression, the decrease in the size of the 19S and 7S antibody-producing cell compartments (20) and decreased proliferation of pyroninophilic cells in germinal centers, this being reflected as lack of growth of the centers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Requirement for Continuous Antigenic Stimulation in the Development and Differentiation of Antibody-Forming Cells

Hanna

Nettesheim

Francis

1969

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…A large number of experiments has dealt with the possibility that single mature immunocytes either produce antibodies of more than one specificity (1-10), or antibodies belonging to more than one immunoglobulin class (4,(12)(13)(14)(15). The general consensus is that the great majority of immunocytes are engaged in the exclusive synthesis of one molecular subclass of immunoglobulin endowed with a given specificity and biological property.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, imrnunocytes are differentiated so as to synthesize exclusively antibody of one given antigen-specifidty (1-10), biological activity (11,12), and immunoglobulin class or subclass (4,(12)(13)(14)(15). Specialization of imrnunocytes is so extreme that only one allotypic variant of a particular immunoglobulin subclass is produced by cells possessing the genetic information for two variants (16)(17)(18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Differentiation of the Immune System of Mice

Shearer

Cudkowicz

Priore

1969

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Antibody-forming cells produce, as a rule, only one of several possible species of immunoglobulins at any one time. Apparently, imrnunocytes are differentiated so as to synthesize exclusively antibody of one given antigen-specifidty (1-10), biological activity (11, 12), and immunoglobulin class or subclass (4,(12)(13)(14)(15). Specialization of imrnunocytes is so extreme that only one allotypic variant of a particular immunoglobulin subclass is produced by cells possessing the genetic information for two variants (16-18). Identification of the source of the diversity among irnrnunocytes is a major goal in immunology, since it bears upon the instructive and selective theories of antibody formation. One way of studying the mechanism by which this diversity is generated, is to recognize the stages and cell types along the lymphoid and/or myeloid differentiation pathways at which specialized functions arise, and possibly, the sequential development of different levels of specialization.The immediate precursors of antibody-forming cells are units d one or more highly integrated cell types that do not release antibody, but interact with antigen and generate functional immunocytes by proliferation and/or differentiation (2, 3, 12, 19). Such integrated units, called antigen-sensitive units (ASU), are found in spleen, lymph nodes (19,20), and peripheral blood (unpublished results), and are detected by transplantation methods. Some of the cellular components of ASU are found separately in marrow and in thymus, since artificial mixtures of ceils from these and other organs yield functional ASU (21, 22). Like antibody-forming cells, splenic ASU have undergone antigen-specificity differentiation (8,9,23,24), antibody-class differentiation (12) and presumably allotypic restriction (18) before contact with antigen. Hence, diversity had occurred at least at the time of splenic ASU assembly. In a preceeding paper of this series (12) we demonstrated that splenic ASU reacting with the antigen complex of sheep erythrocytes were specialized, for they generated either hemolytic plaque-forming cells (PFC) or hemagglutinating duster-forming cells (CFC), but not both. Furthermore, some of the precursors of hemolysin-forming cells generated directl

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“…As we were interested in studying AFC differentiation, it became necessary to distinguish between cells making different classes of antibody. Nossal, Szenberg, Ada and Austin (1964) classified the antibody produced by colls isolated iti microdroplet.s as being mercaptoethanol sensitive or insen.sitive. as a means of distinguishing Ijotvvcen IgM and IgG producing cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Antibody Forming Cell Assay for Detecting Cells Producing a Particular Class of Antibody

Kraft

Wistar

1971

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary. A modified immune cytoadherence assay is described which is ciipiihle of (Hstin^jiiishinR cells forming IgNf antibody from other types of antibody produtinK (.ells in the rat. The kinetics of appearanct-'. Non-lnM fonninK <-*'\h were found early in the primary response to Hahnonella adchiidc ixdynierizetl fliiKelhn protein, and no evidenc-e was seen to suggest a .sudden switcli fnHti IgM to IgC production.

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Single Cell Studies on 19s Antibody Production

Abstract: P~ 58

Cited by 274 publications

References 24 publications

Requirement for Continuous Antigenic Stimulation in the Development and Differentiation of Antibody-Forming Cells

Requirement for Continuous Antigenic Stimulation in the Development and Differentiation of Antibody-Forming Cells

Cellular Differentiation of the Immune System of Mice

A Modified Antibody Forming Cell Assay for Detecting Cells Producing a Particular Class of Antibody

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