Simvastatin nanoparticles attenuated intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by downregulating BMP4/COX-2 pathway in rats

Tong, Fei; Dong, Bin; Chai, Rongkui; Tong, Ke; Wang, Yini; Chen, Shipiao; Zhou, Xinmei; Liu, Daojun

doi:10.2147/ijn.s126063

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…SOD activity and MDA levels were measured using xanthine oxidase and thiobarbituric acid methods. 44 The absorbances were measured at 550 and 532 nm, respectively. Lipid peroxide levels were expressed as "U" of SOD/mL and "nmol" of MDA/mL.…”

Section: Liver Function Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo protein release and anti-ischemia/<br />reperfusion injury properties of bone morphogenetic protein-2-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) nanoparticles

Fang¹,

Liu²,

Jiang³

et al. 2017

IJN

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Here, we describe a bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) nanocarrier based on glycyrrhetinic acid (GA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-b-poly( l -lysine) (PLL). A protein nanocarrier was synthesized, characterized and evaluated as a BMP-2 delivery system. The designed nanocarrier was synthesized based on the ring-opening polymerization of amino acid N-carboxyanhydride. The final product was measured with 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance. GA-PEG-b-PLL nanocarrier could combine with BMP-2 through electrostatic interaction to form polyion complex (PIC) micelles. BMP-2 could be rapidly and efficiently encapsulated through the GA-PEG-b-PLL nanocarrier under physiological conditions, exhibiting efficient encapsulation and sustained release. In addition, the GA-PEG-b-PLL-mediated BMP-2 delivery system could target the liver against hepatic diseases as it has GA-binding receptors. The anti-hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (anti-HI/RI) effect of BMP-2/GA-PEG-b-PLL PIC micelles was investigated in rats using free BMP-2 and BMP-2/PEG-b-PLL PIC micelles as controls, and the results showed that BMP-2/GA-PEG-b-PLL PIC micelles indicated significantly enhanced anti-HI/RI property compared to BMP-2 and BMP-2/PEG-b-PLL. All results suggested that GA-PEG-b-PLL could be used as a potential BMP-2 nanocarrier.

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Section: Liver Function Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo protein release and anti-ischemia/<br />reperfusion injury properties of bone morphogenetic protein-2-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) nanoparticles

Fang¹,

Liu²,

Jiang³

et al. 2017

IJN

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“…As previously described [36], after 24 h of reperfusion, the rats were anesthetized with 1% pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg), and CM-H2DCFDA (100 µg) was injected into the myocardial circulation. At 45 min after the CM-H2DCFDA injection, the myocardium was harvested and immersed in 4% paraformaldehyde for approximately 24 h. After treatment with 20% sucrose for approximately 12 h, the myocardium was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Exposure to Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Affects the Sensitivity to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Farnesoid-X-Receptor-Induced Autophagy

Tong¹,

Zhang²

2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of administering particulate matter (PM_2.5) to the lungs on the sensitivity to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) and the role of farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR)-induced autophagy in this process. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to 45 min of ischemia, and the lungs were exposed to 2.0 mg of PM_2.5 in 0.3 mL of normal saline 5 min before reperfusion. After 24 h of reperfusion, the blood and myocardium were collected, and the myocardial infarct sizes, activities of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), P-selectin and D-dimer were measured via biochemical analysis. Additionally, the myeloperoxidase (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in myocardial tissues via biochemical analysis, and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), autophagosomes, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC-I and II), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR) were determined in myocardial tissues via biochemical analysis, immunohistochemical and biochemical techniques and western blot. In addition, the myocardial infarct sizes, LC-I and II expressions were determined in myocardial tissues through FXR^-/- and WT mice. Results: Levels of CK, LDH, hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α, cTnT, P-selectin and D-dimer, MDA and infarct sizes were higher in I/R group than that in Sham group, and Levels of IL-4 and SOD were lower in I/R group than that in Sham group; ROS, autophagosomes, LC-3I, LC-3II, MIP-2 and FXR expressions were higher in I/R group than that in Sham group. Levels of CK, LDH, hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α, cTnT, P-selectin and D-dimer, MDA and infarct sizes were higher in PM_2.5 group than that in I/R group, and Levels of IL-4 and SOD were lower in PM_2.5 group than that in I/R group; ROS, autophagosomes, LC-3I, LC-3II, MIP-2 and FXR expressions were higher in PM_2.5 group than that in I/R group. Conclusions: PM_2.5 post-treatment exacerbated myocardial injury partly through upregulation of FXR to induce autophagy compared to MI/RI.

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“…The Western blot methodology had been depicted previously. 22,23 Briefly, mesenteric tissues were homogenized in protein lysate buffer. The homogenates were resolved on polyacrylamide SDS gels and electrophoretically transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes.…”

Section: Western Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan-microcapsulated insulin alleviates mesenteric microcirculation dysfunction via modulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expression in rats with diabetes mellitus

Xu¹,

Cao²,

Yuan³

et al. 2018

IJN

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BackgroundThe study of the experiment was to display the therapeutic function of insulin-loaded chitosan (insulin/chitosan) on mesenteric microcirculation via down-regulating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) expressions in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) as compared to free insulin.MethodsDiabetic rats were administrated with 24 U/kg insulin or 120 U/kg insulin/chitosan compounds. The blood and mesenteriums were collected, blood glucose levels, arteriole velocity, arteriole diameter, venular diameter, and hemodiapedesis were measured, and COX-2, VCAM-1 expressions were measured in mesenteriums tissues.ResultsBoth insulin and insulin/chitosan administration decreased blood glucose and improved the state of mesenteric microcirculation through down-regulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expressions as compared to DM groups, while insulin/chitosan remarkably augmented this functions.ConclusionChitosan-microcapsulated insulin alleviates mesenteric microcirculation dysfunction via modulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expressions in rats with DM.

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Simvastatin nanoparticles attenuated intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by downregulating BMP4/COX-2 pathway in rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

In vitro and in vivo protein release and anti-ischemia/<br />reperfusion injury properties of bone morphogenetic protein-2-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) nanoparticles

In vitro and in vivo protein release and anti-ischemia/<br />reperfusion injury properties of bone morphogenetic protein-2-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine) nanoparticles

Pulmonary Exposure to Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Affects the Sensitivity to Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Farnesoid-X-Receptor-Induced Autophagy

Chitosan-microcapsulated insulin alleviates mesenteric microcirculation dysfunction via modulating COX-2 and VCAM-1 expression in rats with diabetes mellitus

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