Simultaneous quantification of 19 ginsenosides in black ginseng developed from Panax ginseng by HPLC–ELSD

Sun, Bai-Shen; Gu, Lijuan; Fang, Zongjuan; Wang, Chunyan; Wang, Zhen; Lee, Mi-Ra; Li, Zheng; Li, Jingjie; Sung, Chang‐Keun

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2009.03.025

Cited by 181 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Black ginseng is known to contain different ginsenosides (Rg3, Rg4, Rg6, Rk3, Rs3 and Rs4) which are not present in white ginseng (40), and exhibits more potent pharmacological activities than white ginseng and red ginseng (41,42). Black ginseng is prepared by steaming at 85˚C for 8 h and then drying until the water content decreases below 20%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detoxifying effect of fermented black ginseng on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells

Bak

Jeong

Kim

2014

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Abstract. Fermented black ginseng (FBG) is prepared by repeated steaming and drying processes with fresh ginseng followed by fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It has recently been shown to have several bioactivities. FBG contains crude saponin (1,440 µg/ml), ginsenoside Rg2 (2.86 µg/ml), ginsenoside Rg3 (24.52 µg/ml), ginsenoside Rh1 (12.64 µg/ml), ginsenoside Rh2 (0.63 µg/ml) and ginsenoside Rf (1.32 µg/ml). The present study investigated the antioxidant defense properties of FBG against hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )-mediated oxidative stress in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H 2 O 2 was attenuated in a dose-dependent manner when the cells were pre-treated with FBG (10-50 µg/ml). FBG induced both the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the H 2 O 2 -treated HepG2 cells. The inhibitory effects of FBG on the phosphorylation of upstream mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as c-Jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 were also observed. Overall, our results demonstrate that FBG protects HepG2 cells from oxidative stress through the induction of antioxidant enzyme activity and the inhibition of MAPK pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detoxifying effect of fermented black ginseng on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells

Bak

Jeong

Kim

2014

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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“…It is well known that ginsenosides present in P. quinquefolius L. and Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer extracts are the main components responsible for their many pharmacological effects [33]. A SFC-ELSD method was reported earlier for the separation of ginsenosides in ginseng extracts [19].…”

Section: Separation Of Tss Present In Natural Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast separation of triterpenoid saponins using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry

Huang

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2016

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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a b s t r a c tTriterpenoid saponins (TSs) are the most important components of some traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and have exhibited valuable pharmacological properties. In this study, a rapid and efficient method was developed for the separation of kudinosides, stauntosides and ginsenosides using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry (SFC-MS). The separation conditions for the selected TSs were carefully optimized after the initial screening of eight stationary phases. The best compromise for all compounds in terms of chromatographic performance and MS sensitivity was obtained when water (5-10%) and formic acid (0.05%) were added to the supercritical carbon dioxide/MeOH mobile phase. Beside the composition of the mobile phase, the nature of the make-up solvent for interfacing SFC with MS was also evaluated. Compared to reversed phase liquid chromatography, the SFC approach showed higher resolution and shorter running time. The developed SFC-MS methods were successfully applied to the separation and identification of TSs present in Ilex latifolia Thunb., Panax quinquefolius L. and Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. These results suggest that this SFC-MS approach could be employed as a useful tool for the quality assessment of natural products containing TSs as active components.

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“…27 BG root powder was obtained by pulverizing BG root. To obtain BG root extract, 5 g of BG root powder was boiled for 30 minutes with 100 mL of sterile distilled water.…”

Section: Preparation Of Aqueous Extract Of Black P Ginseng Meyer Rootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coalescence of functional gold and monodisperse silver nanoparticles mediated by black <em>Panax ginseng</em> Meyer root extract

Wang¹,

Markus²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

IJN

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Simultaneous quantification of 19 ginsenosides in black ginseng developed from Panax ginseng by HPLC–ELSD

Cited by 181 publications

References 32 publications

Detoxifying effect of fermented black ginseng on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells

Detoxifying effect of fermented black ginseng on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells

Fast separation of triterpenoid saponins using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry

Coalescence of functional gold and monodisperse silver nanoparticles mediated by black <em>Panax ginseng</em> Meyer root extract

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