Simultaneous Noncovalent Modification and Exfoliation of 2D Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Electrochemiluminescent Biosensing

robust, and highly efficient semiconductors; the latter should have good conductivity, be able to transfer charges rapidly at the semiconductor/liquid electrolyte interface, display long-term stability, possess good light-harvesting properties, and have a suitable energy band position for the desired reaction. [6,7] Despite significant progress in this field, [3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] semiconductors that fulfill all these requirements rarely exist today, and the production of such semiconductors is still much sought after.Over the past few years, polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (CN) has attracted widespread attention due to its outstanding electronic properties, which have been exploited in various applications, including photo-and electrocatalysis, [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] heterogeneous catalysis, [25][26][27][28] CO 2 reduction, [29][30][31] water splitting, [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] light-emitting diodes, [41] photovoltaics, [42][43][44] and sensing. [45][46][47] Its unique and tunable optical, chemical, and catalytic properties, alongside its low price and remarkably high stability to oxidation, make it a very attractive material for PEC applications. [11,48,49] However, despite the great progress in utilizing CN materials in PECs, several factors still hinder the cell activity, such as poor electron-hole separation efficiency, short electron diffusion length owing to the poor electronic conductivity of CN materials, deficient hole transfer from the CN surface to solution, and low absorption coefficient. [25] We envision that the improvement of the electron diffusion length would result in significant enhancement of the electron and hole lifetimes and would increase their probability to reach the conductive substrate and the electrolyte, respectively, prior to their recombination. Moreover, a longer diffusion length allows the construction of a thicker absorber layer, thus increasing the surface density of accessible photoactive sites. One way to improve both charge separation and electron diffusion length is by compositing CN with conductive carbon materials, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes. [11,18,19] Upon illumination, excited electrons can be promptly injected into the conductive graphene, while the holes remain in the CN matrix. Consequently, the lifetime of the excitons is prolonged, enhancing their probability for further reaction. To date, various CN/graphene composites have been introduced, mainly as powders, and have demonstrated good photoactivity. [11,18,19] However, the poor dispersibility of CN/graphene composites in most solvents Polymeric carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as a promising semiconductor for energy-related applications. However, its utilization in photo-electrochemical cells is still very limited owing to poor electron-hole separation efficiency, short electron diffusion length, and low absorption coefficient. Here the synthesis of a highly porous carbon nitride/reduced graphene oxide (CN-rGO) film with good photo-electrochemical properties is repor...

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confidence: 99%

Carbon Nitride/Reduced Graphene Oxide Film with Enhanced Electron Diffusion Length: An Efficient Photo‐Electrochemical Cell for Hydrogen Generation

Peng

Volokh

Tzadikov

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Nanomaterials have attracted a lot of interest because of the large number of surface atoms as well as specific surface area, but the performance and stability of nanomaterials are influenced by the environment . Various surface modification strategies such as small molecular modification or inorganic packaging have been developed to prevent oxygen erosion or solvent induced quenching . Much effort has also been devoted to setting up multifunctional on single‐material platforms to achieve better practical performance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lanthanide‐Coordinated Black Phosphorus

Wang

et al. 2018

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Black phosphorus (BP) possesses unique physical properties and, owing to its intrinsic instability, the proper surface and chemical coordination is the key point in many applications. Herein, a facile and efficient surface lanthanide-coordination strategy based on lanthanide (Ln) sulfonate complexes is designed to passivate and functionalize different BP-based nanostructures including quantum dots, nanosheets, and microflakes. By means of Ln-P coordination, the lone-pair electrons of phosphorus are occupied, thus preventing oxidation of BP, and the LnL @BP exhibits excellent stability in both air and water. Furthermore, accompanied by the original photothermal performance of BP nanostructures, the Gd-coordinated BP has high R relativities in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and other Ln (Tb, Eu, and Nd) coordinated BP structures exhibit fluorescence spanning the visible to near-infrared regions. Not only is LnL surface passivation an efficient method to enhance the stability of BP, but also the MR or fluorescence derived from lanthanide ions extends the application of BP to optoelectronics and biomedical engineering.

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“…Eine der ersten erfolgreichen Abscheidungen erfolgte durch ein Gasphasenverfahren:d ie chemische Gasphasenabscheidung (CVD). [67][68][69] Zhang et al haben gezeigt, dass die Protonierung von CN unter Verwendung einer starken Säure zu einem Sol führt, das die Abscheidung auf Filmen unter Verwendung von Tauchbeschichten erlaubt. [59] Die Flüssigphasen-Alternative beinhaltet Polymerisation und Kondensation auf der Oberfläche des leitfähigen Substrats.…”

Section: Wachstumsverfahrenunclassified

Kohlenstoffnitridmaterialien für photochemische Zellen zur Wasserspaltung

et al. 2019

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Graphitische Kohlenstoffnitridmaterialien (CN) sind aufgrund ihrer einstellbaren Bandlücke, geeigneten Energiebandposition, hohen Stabilität unter harschen chemischen Bedingungen und geringen Kosten interessante Photokatalysatoren und heterogene Katalysatoren für zahlreiche Reaktionen. Allerdings befindet sich die Nutzung von CN in photoelektrochemischen (PEC) und photoelektronischen Bauelementen noch in einem frühen Stadium, da die Abscheidung einer hochwertigen und homogenen CN‐Schicht auf Substraten, die breite Bandlücke, die schlechte Ladungstrennungseffizienz sowie die geringe elektronische Leitfähigkeit noch Schwierigkeiten bereiten. In diesem Kurzaufsatz diskutieren wir Synthesewege zur Herstellung verschiedener Strukturen von CN auf Substraten und deren grundlegende photophysikalische Eigenschaften und photoelektrochemische Aktivität. Wir beschreiben die wesentlichsten Herausforderungen bei der Einbindung von CN in PEC‐Zellen sowie mögliche Wege zur Überwindung der bestehenden Beschränkungen zur Integration von CN‐Materialien in PEC und andere photoelektronische Bauelemente.

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Simultaneous Noncovalent Modification and Exfoliation of 2D Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Electrochemiluminescent Biosensing

Cited by 256 publications

References 32 publications

Carbon Nitride/Reduced Graphene Oxide Film with Enhanced Electron Diffusion Length: An Efficient Photo‐Electrochemical Cell for Hydrogen Generation

Carbon Nitride/Reduced Graphene Oxide Film with Enhanced Electron Diffusion Length: An Efficient Photo‐Electrochemical Cell for Hydrogen Generation

Lanthanide‐Coordinated Black Phosphorus

Kohlenstoffnitridmaterialien für photochemische Zellen zur Wasserspaltung

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