Simultaneous flow visualization and PIV measurement of turbulent buoyant plume

Self-induced rotary sloshing caused by an upward round jet in a cylindrical container

“…The particle concentration of g/L was adjusted so that on average at least ten particle pairs were observed in an interrogation window for each case. Other PIV papers were found in Watanabe et al (2005) and Ramesh et al (2006). …”

Scaling for turbulent viscosity of buoyant plumes in stratified fluids: PIV measurement with implications for submarine hydrothermal plume turbulence

“…To our knowledge, it is the first time that these patterns for buoyant plume turbulence in stratified fluids have ever been viewed experimentally. Plumes in non-stratified fluids do not display these patterns (e.g., Pham et al, 2005;Watanabe et al, 2005;Grafsrønningen et al, 2011;Diez et al, 2005). (Table 1).…”

“…On the other hand, PIV, as a nonintrusive measurement method, has been widely used for quantitative flow visualization and velocity measurement (Raffel et al, 2007;Adrian and Westerweel, 2011), including applications to oceanic and environmental flows (e.g., Bertuccioli et al, 1999;Doron et al, 2001;HornerDevine, 2006;Seol et al, 2007;Steinbuck et al, 2010). The PIV technique has been previously applied to measure flow velocities of turbulent buoyant plumes generated either thermally (e.g., Pham et al, 2005;Watanabe et al, 2005;Grafsrønningen et al, 2011) or with salinity contrast (Diez et al, 2005). However, all the measurements have been done for plumes in non-stratified fluids.…”

Recent progress in flow visualization techniques toward the generation of fluid art

“…In the turbulent state, three-dimensional fluid motion is formed at the interface of the plume and the still surroundings, and the motion becomes random in space and time, forming vortices along the interface (Funatani et al, 2004). Using a laser-induced fluorescent technique, the vertical cross-sectional view of the plume structure is visualized using illumination using an Ar laser sheet Watanabe et al, 2005). Note that Rhodamine B dye is added to the fluid of the plume for visualization purposes.…”