Simultaneous Fast Response NO and HC Measurements from a Spark Ignition Engine

Reavell, K.; Collings, Nick; Peckham, Mark; Hands, Tim

doi:10.4271/971610

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Reavell et al [5] have noted that the NO traces they obtained had a similar 'signature'. They deduced that the initial peak in the signal, point A in Fig.…”

Section: Fast No Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…When the piston was close to BDC, both transducers recorded the cylinder pressure, thereby fixing the pressure datum for the piezoelectric transducer in the cylinder head. The operation of a fast chemiluminescent detector (CLD) has recently been described by Reavell et al [5] and allows fast transient measurements of NO exhaust emissions. An instrument of this type was recently reported by Baltisberger and Ruhm [6].…”

Section: Experimental Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cycle-by-cycle modelling of NO formation and comparison with experimental data

Ball

Stone

Collings

1999

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Experimental data were obtained from a Rover K4 optical access engine and analysed with a combustion analysis package. Cyclic NO values were calculated by mass averaging the measurements obtained by a fast NO analyser. The modelled NO results were compared with the experimental values on plots of NO versus peak cylinder pressure, P max . The model achieves its cyclic variability through the input of experimentally derived burn rates and a completeness of combustion parameter. This is based on the Rassweiler and Withrow method for calculating the mass fraction burned and is derived from the pressure-crank angle record of the engine. The cycle-by-cycle NO modelling results are found to compare well with the experiments in terms of the mean value for all cycles, the general slope of the NO versus P max line and the maximum and minimum values (or spread). The modelled results do not, however, exhibit the same degree of scatter as the experimental data. This is attributed to the model utilizing a fixed blow-by rate, a constant temperature at inlet valve closure and a constant residual mass fraction for all cycles at a given operating point.

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“…Reavell et al [5] have noted that the NO traces they obtained had a similar 'signature'. They deduced that the initial peak in the signal, point A in Fig.…”

Section: Fast No Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Experimental Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycle-by-cycle modelling of NO formation and comparison with experimental data

Ball

Stone

Collings

1999

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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show abstract

“…NO calibration gas was used as a tracer, and its local concentration was measured using a Cambustion fNOx400 fast-response NO analyzer. This instrument utilizes a chemillumeniscence detector (CLD) similar to standard 'steady' NO analyzers, except the detector is mounted remotely at the measurement position and is sized to provide dynamic response on the order of 2-3 ms. A thorough discussion of fast-response chemillumeniscence analyzer system dynamics can be found in [19], and the technical details of this particular instrument can be found in [20].…”

Section: Fast-response Tracer-gas Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fluid dynamics of a miniature dilution tunnel for internal-combustion engine aerosol measurement

Kommer

Puzinauskas

Buckley

2007

Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science

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“…Recently, ultra-fast response gas analysers have been used to provide high spatio-temporal resolution RDE data from vehicles [11,12]. Such analysers, which have a response time of a few milliseconds, have been used for a long time in engine development, for example in cyclically resolved engine measurements [13,14], cold start [15,16], and emission reduction [17,18]. Their use in RDE enables correlations of vehicle emissions to manoeuvres by the vehicle, for example pulling away from traffic lights, joining a motorway, or going over a speed-bump.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying NOx Hotspots in Transient Urban Driving of Two Diesel Buses and a Diesel Car

2020

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NO x emissions from vehicles have been a substantial cause for concern due to their impact on urban air quality. In particular, despite reducing levels of permitted emissions legislatively, such reductions have not been observed in the real world. In this work, NO x emissions from three vehicles-a Euro 5 car, a Euro V hybrid bus, and a Euro VI-bus have been measured in real driving conditions (and in the case of the buses-in full passenger service). A recently developed high spatio-temporal resolution technique combining very fast (10 ms) NO x measurement with differential GPS accurate to 1 cm allows these emissions to be resolved to a distance of less than 10 cm (worst-case-dependent on vehicle speed). The results show that acceleration events for the vehicles play a significant part in their total NO x emissions. In addition, standard events such as a speed bump and a bus stop are analysed. The temperature of any aftertreatment (catalytic converter) to reduce NO x emissions is also observed to be of substantial significance. At idle, the passenger car was observed to near-double its NO x emissions when the air conditioning was switched on. Finally, the real driving conditions are compared to the legislative compliance cycles for the certification of the buses, and those results used to further understand the observed NO x emissions.

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Simultaneous Fast Response NO and HC Measurements from a Spark Ignition Engine

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Cycle-by-cycle modelling of NO formation and comparison with experimental data

Cycle-by-cycle modelling of NO formation and comparison with experimental data

The fluid dynamics of a miniature dilution tunnel for internal-combustion engine aerosol measurement

Identifying NOx Hotspots in Transient Urban Driving of Two Diesel Buses and a Diesel Car

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