The fluid dynamics of a miniature dilution tunnel for internal-combustion engine aerosol measurement

Kommer, Eric M.; Puzinauskas, Paulius V.; Buckley, Steven G.

doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2007.05.011

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As seen from the above discussion, there are a number of ways to configure a dilution tunnel with advantages and disadvantages attached to each. The dilution tunnels proposed by Wei et al, 17 Kommer et al 18 and Figure 2. Dilution tunnel using an ejector pump.…”

Section: C))mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Cirrillo 19 have been designed with different tunnel parameters ( Table 1). The dilution tunnels used by both Kommer et al 18 and Cirillo 19 have comparable tunnel flow rates with those used in the tunnel for this work, but their residence times, dilution ratios and tunnel volumes vary widely. Therefore, a design of a dilution tunnel for characterisation of particles emitted from PFI engines is still needed.…”

Section: C))mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Other partial-flow dilution tunnels operate at lower dilution ratios than those used by Wei et al, 17 e.g. the dilution tunnel operated by Kommer et al 18 at dilution ratios of 7-45, and the dilution tunnel operated by Cirillo 19 at a dilution ratio of 4.…”

Section: Dilution Occurs When the Vehicle Exhaust Is Emittedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kommer et al 18 used a tunnel based on the work by Wei et al 17 but the exhaust and dilution air were combined inside a vacuum ejector pump before entering the tunnel as one combined jet, as shown in Figure 2. The study focused on the fluid dynamics and mixing properties of the dilution tunnel design, and their major finding was that there was a strong jet along the whole length of the tunnel.…”

Section: C))mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wei et al 17 600-1700 50-1500 0.4-2 50.89 Kommer et al 18 10-60 7-45 9 2.55 Cirillo 19 8 4 0.02 2 3 10 -3…”

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Measurements of the characteristics of particle emissions from a port fuel injection engine

Saeed

Fletcher

Salvage

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The characteristics of particle emissions from gasoline port fuel injection engines have not been fully investigated and established in comparison with those from direct-injection spark ignition engines. This paper aims to evaluate a new measurement system that could potentially be adapted later to allow a much wider examination of particulate production from port fuel injection engines relative to gasoline direct-injection engines. This work presents the morphology of the particles emitted from port fuel injection engines analysed using scanning transmission electron microscopy. The current designs of dilution tunnel used in particle morphology measurements were reviewed, and subsequently a new dilution tunnel was designed, built, tested and optimised for nanoparticle measurements from port fuel injection engines. A new methodology for capturing nanoparticles from port fuel injection engines for morphological analysis by transmission electron microscopy was investigated by integrating a nanoparticle impactor with a dilution tunnel. The performance of the dilution tunnel demonstrated that it integrated very well with the impactor and achieved the targets in terms of the flow rate and the temperature. The widest variety of particle morphologies, including liquid particles, was observed on the transmission electron microscopy grid from impactor plate A. In addition to soot agglomerates, crystalline particles and salt particles were also seen. In contrast with earlier studies, particle fragmentation was also observed

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Section: C))mentioning

confidence: 93%