Simultaneous evaluation of prepulse inhibition with EMG and EEG using advanced artifact removal techniques

Fraga, Francisco J.; Noya, Claudemiro V.; Zimiani, Maria I.; Ávila, Milton A.V.; Shuhama, Rosana; Del-Ben, Cristina Marta; Menezes, Paulo Rossi; Martín, Rodrigo; Salum, Cristiane

doi:10.1109/embc.2016.7591914

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Before each block, five pulse-alone (P) stimuli were presented and discarded to avoid discrepant high intensity responses. The Ps were applied with 115 dB intensity and the PPs with 85 dB; both consisting of white noise with virtually instantaneous rise and decay duration of 40 and 20 ms, respectively [ 68 , 69 , 70 ]. Each test was performed under background (white) noise of 70 dB of intensity, which was also present during the 3-min interval between the first and second blocks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Patients Display Reduced Neural Prepulse Inhibition

et al. 2022

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Background: Altered sensorimotor gating has been demonstrated by Prepulse Inhibition (PPI) tests in patients with psychosis. Recent advances in signal processing methods allow assessment of neural PPI through electroencephalogram (EEG) recording during acoustic startle response measures (classic muscular PPI). Simultaneous measurements of muscular (eye-blink) and neural gating phenomena during PPI test may help to better understand sensorial processing dysfunctions in psychosis. In this study, we aimed to assess simultaneously muscular and neural PPI in early bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients. Method: Participants were recruited from a population-based case-control study of first episode psychosis. PPI was measured using electromyography (EMG) and EEG in pulse alone and prepulse + pulse with intervals of 30, 60, and 120 ms in early bipolar disorder (n = 18) and schizophrenia (n = 11) patients. As control group, 15 socio-economically matched healthy subjects were recruited. All subjects were evaluated with Rating Scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and Young Mania Rating Scale questionnaires at recruitment and just before PPI test. Wilcoxon ranked sum tests were used to compare PPI test results between groups. Results: In comparison to healthy participants, neural PPI was significantly reduced in PPI 30 and PPI60 among bipolar and schizophrenia patients, while muscular PPI was reduced in PPI60 and PPI120 intervals only among patients with schizophrenia. Conclusion: The combination of muscular and neural PPI evaluations suggested distinct impairment patterns among schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients. Simultaneous recording may contribute with novel information in sensory gating investigations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Patients Display Reduced Neural Prepulse Inhibition

et al. 2022

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“…Furthermore, EMG techniques are prone to motion artifact contamination, due to muscle movements not relative to the startle reflex. These artifacts are difficult to eliminate from the EMG signals, and the removal methods often deploy other electrooculography systems or complicated mathematical algorithms (Zhang et al 2012, Chiu et al 2014, Fraga et al 2016, which present moderate results in most cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel optical non-intrusive method for measuring acoustic startle reflex in humans

Balogiannis

Stachtea²,

Yova³

et al. 2020

Physiol. Meas.

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Objective: The development of a new non-intrusive optical system for remotely measuring acoustic startle reflex (ASR) in humans. Approach: The eye reflex movement during an acoustic stimulation session is recorded through a high-speed digital camera. The eyes region is isolated by the rest of the face by an advanced pyramid-like feature detection algorithm, which greatly reduces the number of false positives. A separate Lucas–Kanade optical flow routine is designed for the eyeblink movement detection and the startle eyeblink reflex (SEBR) curve extraction. Image masking is implemented for the elimination of unwanted artifacts caused mainly by voluntary eye movement. The proposed system was tested along with a valid EMG system on a sample of 32 healthy randomly selected adults, and the results were compared in order to measure the system’s degree of reliability. Main results: To assess the proposed method’s validity the EMG data was used as a benchmark. The results showed strong correlation between EMG and Camera acquired results, which proves the validity of the proposed method. Furthermore, by comparing the response probability and the signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the two techniques, we proved that the proposed method can surpass the traditional EMG system in terms of accuracy and reliability. Significance: The proposed technique presents a simple, robust and reliable non-intrusive means of measuring ASR in humans, with the potential of future implementation on various ASR psychophysiology experiments, such as the study of PPI.

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Simultaneous evaluation of prepulse inhibition with EMG and EEG using advanced artifact removal techniques

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Early Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Patients Display Reduced Neural Prepulse Inhibition

Early Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Patients Display Reduced Neural Prepulse Inhibition

A novel optical non-intrusive method for measuring acoustic startle reflex in humans

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