Simultaneous determination of seven nitrogen‐containing phenyl ethers in cosmetics by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and dispersive solid‐phase extraction

Abstract

An analytical method was established for the simultaneous determination of seven nitrogen-containing phenyl ethers (2-anisidine, 3-anisidine, 4-anisidine, 2-nitroanisole, 3-nitroanisole, 4-nitroanisole, and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine) in cosmetics by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in this work. The samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and purified with primary secondary amine during the dispersed solid-phase extraction. The analytes were separated by a DB-17MS column and detected in the electron ionization mode of mass spectrometry in the selected ions monitoring mode. The extraction solvent, purification adsorbents, and chromatographic column behavior were optimized. The results indicated that the seven analytes show good linear relationship (R > 0.9965) in the concentrations of 5.0-5000 μg/L. The quantitation limits of the method ranged from 19.0 to 84.8 μg/kg. The recovery rates of seven analytes were in the range of 72.6-114% with the relative standard deviations of 1.1-7.5%. Real sample analyses showed that this accurate and precise method could be appropriate for simultaneous determination of seven nitrogen-containing phenyl ethers in cosmetics.

Mass-Spectrometry-Based Research of Cosmetic Ingredients

“…Liquid products (eau de toilettes and perfumes) are directly injected, without sample preparation, except dilution using different solvents or filtration [ 107 , 108 , 109 ] (if the amount of nonvolatile constituents is low when submitted to GC, as the performance of the GC system is rarely hampered by other constituents of the sample). If the analytes occur in more complex media, such as creams, lotions, foundations, and lipsticks, they need to be extracted from their matrix, prior to their analysis, via different established methods: by a fluid (in one step extraction technique [ 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 ] and improved variants such as MSPD: matrix solid-phase dispersion [ 23 , 93 , 114 , 115 ], QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction) [ 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 ], or energy-assisted extraction techniques: vortex-assisted extraction (VAE) [ 120 , 121 ], ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) [ 121 , 122 ], and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) [ 121 , 123 ], by liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) techniques [ 120 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 ], by solid-phase extraction techniques (μSPE: micro solid-phase extraction, dSPE: dispersive solid-phase extraction; SBSE: stir bar sorptive extraction) [ 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 ], and gas-phase extraction (headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) [ 139 ,…”

Thermodynamics of Nitroanisoles: Experimental Vapor Pressures Obtained via a Chromatography-Coupled Transpiration Method of Mono-, Di-, and Trinitro-Substituted Anisoles

“…When mono-or disubstituted, they primarily serve as intermediates (e.g., via anisidines) in the production of synthetic organic dyes and pharmaceuticals, while when appropriately highly substituted, they serve, as already mentioned, in the field of energetic formulations. 8,9 This work takes a look at the thermodynamics of various substituted nitroanisoles; their vapor pressure and their molar enthalpy of sublimation or vaporization are determined with great diligence. Where possible, an internal consistency test was conducted based on the determination of molar enthalpies of fusion using differential scanning calorimetry.…”

“…In general, nitroanisoles are a versatile group of compounds. When mono- or disubstituted, they primarily serve as intermediates (e.g., via anisidines) in the production of synthetic organic dyes and pharmaceuticals, while when appropriately highly substituted, they serve, as already mentioned, in the field of energetic formulations. , …”