“…Several methods describe the assessment of nitrofuran metabolite concentrations in substances, including gas chromatography (Negrin, Valdes, Pouron, Lopez, & Borges, 2013;Petz, 1985), high performance liquid chromatography (Fernando, Munasinghe, Gunasena, & Abeynayake, 2017;Li, Ren, et al, 2018;Sniegocki, Giergiel, Sell, & Posyniak, 2018;Wilasinee, Sutthivaiyakit, & Sutthivaiyakit, 2015), and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (Du et al, 2014;El-Demerdash, Song, Reel, Hillegas, & Smith, 2015;Palaniyappan et al, 2013). Similarly, few studies have reported NFS determination using high-performance liquid chromatography and/or liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (Horie et al, 1991;Segawa & Ikeda, 2000;Tao et al, 2010).…”