Simultaneous determination of malachite green, gentian violet and their leuco-metabolites in aquatic products by high-performance liquid chromatography–linear ion trap mass spectrometry

Wu, Xueli; Zhang, Gong; Wu, Yongning; Hou, Xiaolin; Zhang, Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2007.07.084

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Figure 2 shows the EESI-MS spectrum of a pure water sample spiked with 0.1 mg·L −1 MG. In the MS 2 spectrum of the MG cation (m/z 329), major fragments at m/z 313, 285, 251, 237, 208 were recorded upon collision activation at the energy of 30% (the inset of Figure 2), which is in a good agreement with previous observations [24]. These characteristic fragments are likely to be produced via the neutral losses of CH4, C2H6N, C6H6, C7H8 and C8H11N, respectively.…”

Section: Detection Of Malachite Green By Eesi-mssupporting

confidence: 89%

Quantitative Detection of Trace Malachite Green in Aquiculture Water Samples by Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Fang

Yang

Chingin

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Exposure to malachite green (MG) may pose great health risks to humans; thus, it is of prime importance to develop fast and robust methods to quantitatively screen the presence of malachite green in water. Herein the application of extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EESI-MS) has been extended to the trace detection of MG within lake water and aquiculture water, due to the intensive use of MG as a biocide in fisheries. This method has the advantage of obviating offline liquid-liquid extraction or tedious matrix separation prior to the measurement of malachite green in native aqueous medium. The experimental results indicate that the extrapolated detection limit for MG was ~3.8 μg·L −1 (S/N = 3) in lake water samples and ~0.5 μg·L −1 in ultrapure water under optimized experimental conditions. The signal intensity of MG showed good linearity over the concentration range of 10-1000 μg·L −1 . Measurement of practical water samples fortified with MG at 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mg·L −1 gave a good validation of the established calibration curve. The average recoveries and relative standard deviation (RSD) of malachite green in lake water and Carassius carassius fish farm effluent water were 115% (6.64% RSD), 85.4% (9.17% RSD) and 96.0% (7.44% RSD), respectively. Overall, the established EESI-MS/MS method has been demonstrated suitable for sensitive and rapid (<2 min per sample) quantitative detection of malachite green in various aqueous media, indicating its potential for online real-time monitoring of real life samples.

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Section: Detection Of Malachite Green By Eesi-mssupporting

confidence: 89%

Quantitative Detection of Trace Malachite Green in Aquiculture Water Samples by Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Fang

Yang

Chingin

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…A number of groups have developed alternative methods for isolating TPM residues using McIlvaine buffer and ACN prior to purification on aromatic sulphonic acid [413], SAX [418] or alumina-MCX SPE sorbents [415,419]. Other groups have used an alternative ammonium acetate and ACN extraction solvent prior to PRS [409,420] or alumina-SCX [410] clean-ups.…”

Section: Andersen Et Al Developed a Methods Capable Of Isolating Mg mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The non-chromophorous leuco analogues are often oxidised to their chromophorous parent compound using PbO2 or other oxidising reagents [414]. It has been reported that MG and LMG are rapidly degraded (most likely through demethylation) during sample preparation [411,415].…”

Section: Triphenylmethane Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends in sample preparation for growth promoter and veterinary drug residue analysis

Kinsella

O’Mahony

Malone

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography A

175

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A comprehensive review is presented on the current trends in sample preparation for isolation of veterinary drugs and growth promotors from foods. The objective of the review is to firstly give an overview of the sample preparation techniques that are applied in field. The review will focus on new techniques and technologies, which improve efficiency and coverage of residues. The underlying theme to the paper is the developments that have been made in multi-residue methods and particularly multi-class methods for residues of licensed animal health products, which have been developed in the last couple of years. The role of multi-class methods is discussed and how they can be accommodated in future residue surveillance.

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“…Though post-column oxidation is not required for analysis by mass spectrometry, these authors noted improved sensitivity and reproducibility by converting leuco residues to the cationic dye compounds. Similar extraction procedures were applied to residue analysis methods by LC-MS/MS without post-column oxidation 150 and for HPLC-VIS/FL analysis. 151 Several methods have been described for triphenylmethane compound analysis with a simpler extraction procedure using only McIlvaine buffer (pH 3) and acetonitrile extraction followed by cation exchange SPE clean-up for direct LC-MS/MS of dye and leuco compounds.…”

Section: Procedures To Extract and Analyze Triphenylmethane Dye Residmentioning

confidence: 99%

Certain Dyes as Pharmacologically Active Substances in Fish Farming and Other Aquaculture Products

Verdon

Andersen

2016

Chemical Analysis of Non&;#x02010;antimicrobial Veterinary Drug Residues in Food

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Simultaneous determination of malachite green, gentian violet and their leuco-metabolites in aquatic products by high-performance liquid chromatography–linear ion trap mass spectrometry

Cited by 53 publications

References 17 publications

Quantitative Detection of Trace Malachite Green in Aquiculture Water Samples by Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Quantitative Detection of Trace Malachite Green in Aquiculture Water Samples by Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Current trends in sample preparation for growth promoter and veterinary drug residue analysis

Certain Dyes as Pharmacologically Active Substances in Fish Farming and Other Aquaculture Products

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