Simultaneous Determination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir by Area Under Curve and Dual Wavelength Spectrophotometric Method

Abstract

Two methods for the simultaneous determination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir by spectroscopy have been developed. These two simple, accurate and precise methods include Area Under the Curve (AUC) method and Dual Wavelength Method. From a solvent effect studies and the spectral behaviours of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir, methanol was selected as solvent. Emtricitabine shows maximum absorbance at 281 nm and Tenofovir shows maximum absorbance at 259 nm. For the AUC method, the wavelength ranges between 242-248 nm and 269-275 nm were selected with reference to the absorbance curves plotted between the wavelengths of 200-400 nm. In the second method i.e. Dual method in which two wavelengths were selected for each drug in a way so that the difference in absorbance is zero for another drug. Emtricitabine shows equal absorbance at 230.696 nm and 250 nm, where the differences in absorbance were measured for the determination of Tenofovir. Similarly, differences in absorbances at 250 nm and 268.670 nm were measured for determination of Emtricitabine. These methods allows rapid analysis of two drug combination. The results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies. This tablet containing both drugs was assayed using the methods developed, showing a good accuracy and precision.

Selective RP-HPLC DAD method for determination of tenofovir fumarate and emtricitabine in bulk powder and in tablets

“…Results obtained using the proposed method (Table IV) were compared to those obtained using a literature reported spectrophotometric method [46]. The calculated Student's t-test and the variance ratio F-test did not exceed the theoretical ones which indicated that there was no significant difference between the investigated methods.…”

“…The reported methods were applied for the simultaneous determination of TEN and EMT in plasma [31,32,35,36] or in pharmaceuticals [33,34]. Two spectrophotometric methods were published for the assay of the binary mixture in tablets [37,38]. Only one HPTLC method was found for the determination of the mixture in tablets using chloroform and methanol (9:1) as a mobile phase and UV detection at 265 nm [39].…”

Three New Methods for Resolving Ternary Mixture with Overlapping Spectra: Comparative Study

“…"AUC" Method "AUC" method is a widely used simple spectrophotometric method for resolving binary mixtures depending on area under the curve in zero order, [11][12][13][14] or ratio absorption spectra. 15,16) Here we test the applicability of using this method for the first time to resolve a ternary mixture of overlapping spectra.…”

“…The developed area under the curve ("AUC"), modified absorption factor method (MAFM) and modified amplitude center method (MACM) are firstly introduced for resolving ternary mixture of overlapping spectra. The newly introduced analytical methods are a modification of the recently developed spectrophotometric methods, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] while the same author published a PLS chemometric method for analysis of the same ternary mixture since 2012.…”

Development and Validation of HPTLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Emtricitabine, Rilpivirine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Combined Dosage form

“…Rilpivirine is not official in any of the pharmacopoeias like IP, BP and US Pharmacopoeia. Literature survey reveals that there is no reported HPTLC method for simultaneous determination of EMT, RPV and TFV (Ahindita et al, 2011;Anandakumar et al, 2011;Choudhari et al, 2013;Choudhari et al, 2010;Ghorpade et al, 2010;Ilango et al, 2012;Jayakar et al, 2010;Patel et al, 2009;Sudha et al, 2010) HPLC (Murali et al, 2011Pranitha et al, 2012;Rao et al, 2011;Rezk et al, 2005) HPTLC (Joshi et al, 2009 …”