Simultaneous determination of Cr, Fe, Ni and V in crude oil by emulsion sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Simultaneous Or Sequential Multi-Element Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Techniques: Advances Within The Last 20 Years

“…21 These dynamic systems led many researchers to perform simultaneous multi-element analysis in numerous matrices (Table 1). 2, The LS-GFAAS technique was applied for the simultaneous multi-element analysis in several matrices, including foods, 2,23,45,46,55,60,68,70 beverages, 25,32,39,48,51,53 biological specimen, 26,28,30,31,38,40,50,52 environmental media, 24,27,29,33,42,43,47,58,66,67 crude oil, 57,65,69 fuel 34,49,61 and medicinal plants. 62 In total, 21 elements were determined in numerous studies and Pb, Cu, Cd, As, Cr and Ni were most frequently investigated (see references in Table 1).…”

“…However, a more critical analysis of the results showed that Fe, V, Co, Ni and Cr were determined by both techniques in the same matrix (crude oil). 57,65,69,[75][76][77] The LODs were 0.54-2.15 µg/g and 0.6 µg/g (Fe), 0.29-1.15 µg/g and 0.3-1.2 µg/g (V), 0.02 µg/g and 0.008 µg/g (Co), 1.25 µg/g and 1 µg/g (Ni) and 0.07 µg/g and 0.001 µg/g (Cr) for LC GFAAS and HR CS GFAAS, respectively. Furthermore, Cd and Pb were determined in various water samples 39,42,117,118 with LODs 20-30 ng/L (LS GFAAS) and 0.5-1 ng/L (HR CS GFAAS) for Cd and 700-750 ng/L (LS GFAAS) and 10-30 ng/L (HR CS GFAAS) for Pb.…”

Characterization and screening of metals, metalloids and biomarkers in crude oil by ICP–MS/OES, and GC–MS techniques after digestion by microwave‐induced combustion

“…On the other hand, it has been reported that the presence of metals and metalloids in crude oil or its derivatives can cause unwanted impacts, for instance, during the heavy oil cracking process, some elements (e.g. Cr, Fe, Ni and V) can interface irreversibly with the catalyst surface, thus decreasing its expected activity, the burning of fuel oils discharges toxic elements to the atmosphere, and the waste waters from the refining processes can contain significant concentrations of selenium and various metals and metalloids that higher than those prescribed by the environmental directives (Luz, Nascimento, & Oliveira, ; Luz & Oliveira, ; Stivanin de Almeida, Ribeiro, Saint'Pierre, & Miekeley, ).…”

A green method for the simultaneous determination of Cd and Pb in soil and sediment by slurry sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

“…The limited number of radiation sources that can be activated (four) and the number of elements that can be simultaneously determined (six) are some drawbacks of this equipment. 20 At the moment there is no application for the simultaneous determination of cadmium and lead in soil and sediment by slurry sampling GF AAS. Considering the favorable characteristics and the advantage of AAS being more widely available for routine laboratories, the objective of this work is propose a green, fast and reliable method aimed at the total and simultaneous determination of cadmium and lead in soil and sediment by slurry sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.…”