Simultaneous Or Sequential Multi-Element Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Techniques: Advances Within The Last 20 Years

Abstract

Electrothermal or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS or GFAAS) is one of the most widely used techniques for determining elements in different matrices (e.g., foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, biological specimens, nanomaterials, polymers, fuels and environmental media). Numerous elements can be simply and quickly determined with high precision and accuracy, low detection limits, and at moderate cost. The technique is also suitable for direct solid and slurry sample analysis. A crucial feature of this technique is that it can perform simultaneous or sequential multi-element analysis. Over the years, many instruments have come on the market for multi-elemental analysis using mostly line source (LS) GFAAS and high-resolution continuum source (HR-CS) GFAAS. This review covers publications from 2000 to 2020related to the simultaneous or sequential multi-elemental analysis by LS-GFAAS and HR-CS-GFAAS. Mainly the applications, the limits of detection, the use of internal standardization and other aspects regarding the matrix, pyrolysis and atomization temperatures and modifiers are discussed. Finally, a critical comparison is made between the LS-GFAAS and HR-CS-GFAAS techniques.

Rapid and Portable Detection of Hg and Cd in Grain Samples Based on Novel Catalytic Pyrolysis Composite Trap Coupled with Miniature Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

“…Conventional atomic spectrometric techniques, including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry/optical emission spectrometry (ICP-MS/OES) [9,10], atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) [11], and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) [12] are well known for their excellent detection limits (LODs), sensitivity, and stability in elemental analysis for agri-foods. However, these approaches typically require complex sample digestion, which is time-consuming, costly, uses toxic reagents, and suffers possible contamination, resulting in failure in rapid and field detection.…”

Recyclable fluorescence sensing based on copper clusters for simultaneous determination of copper ions and ammonia

“…2 As typical representatives of heavy metal ions and volatile organic compounds in the environment, the determination of copper ions and ammonia is of great importance. However, the traditional methods for copper ions and ammonia detection mostly rely on the atomic spectrometer, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, and ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer, 3–6 the instruments are relatively large and complex and difficult to meet the requirements of online analysis. Therefore, a series of visual probes based on nanomaterials has been developed.…”

A Green Method for the Determination of Cadmium in Natural Waters Based on Multi-Fibre Supported Liquid Membranes

“…One of the advantages of liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) is the reduction of the solution volumes used for the separation/preconcentration process, allowing it to be considered a green technique [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. In fact, only a few microlitres of an extraction solution are frequently used, making graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS) an attractive and efficient alternative for the quantification step due to its capacity to determine trace metals with very low samples volumes [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”