“…In recent years, methods using conventional techniques, such as gas chromatography [ 8 ], liquid chromatography [ 9 , 10 ], enzyme inhibition methods [ 5 ], immunoassays [ [11] , [12] , [13] ], and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) sensors [ 14 , 15 ], have been developed to detect OPs. Although these methods are effective for the analysis of OPs, there are still some disadvantages, including requiring time-consuming pretreatment of samples, expensive equipment, and skilled operators.…”