Simultaneous and Accurate Real-Time Monitoring of Glucose and Ethanol in Alcoholic Drinks, Must, and Biomass by a Dual-Amperometric Biosensor

Abstract

In this work the optimization and application of a dual-amperometric biosensor for simultaneous monitoring of glucose and ethanol content, as quality markers in drinks and alcoholic fermentation media, are described. The biosensor is based on glucose oxidase (GOD) and alcohol oxidase (AOD) immobilized by co-cross-linking with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glutaraldehyde (GLU) both onto a dual gold electrode, modified with a permselective overoxidized polypyrrole film (PPYox). Response, rejection of interferents, and stability of the dual biosensor were optimized in terms of PPYox thickness, BSA, and enzyme loading. The biosensor was integrated in a flow injection system coupled with an at-line microdialysis fiber as a sampling tool. Flow rates inside and outside the fiber were optimized in terms of linear responses (0.01-1 and 0.01-1.5 M) and sensitivities (27.6 ± 0.4 and 31.0 ± 0.6 μA·M(-1)·cm(-2)) for glucose and ethanol. Excellent anti-interference characteristics, the total absence of "cross-talk", and good response stability under operational conditions allowed application of the dual biosensor in accurate real-time monitoring (at least 15 samples/h) of alcoholic drinks, white grape must, and woody biomass.

Hospitals and Laboratories on Paper-Based Sensors: A Mini Review

“…The Ag/AgCl pseudo-reference electrode, graphite working electrode, and counter electrode were printed on paper to form a three-electrode system. This conferred the sensor’s extremely high sensitivity of 9.13 mA/mM cm 2 compared to the previously reported 31.0 nA/mM cm 2 [ 68 ]. Furthermore, the high sensitivity made this sensor capable of measuring ethanol with a detection limit of 0.003%vol (0.52 mM), indicating its sufficient capacity for the commercial detection of ethanol.…”

Ammonium Release and Adsorption Characters of Polyurethane–Biochar Crosslinked Material as an Additive Filler in Stormwater Treatment

“…4.98–5.31 μmol/g NH 4 -N were released totally by PCB during the eight rounds of DW and AS leaching experiments. The source of NH 4 -N from PCB may be carbamate produced by polyurethane prepolymer during the foaming and curing process, when the bonds of amino acid were broken due to hydraulic shaking, and NH 4 -N dissolved in DW and AS, which was also the reason for the acidity of the PCB suspension [ 28 ]. The first leaching quantities of NH 4 -N from PCB were 3.45–4.07 μmol/g, accounting for 69.25–76.66% of the total rounds, indicating that ammonia nitrogen leaching from PCB mainly occurred in the first round.…”

“…AS promoted the NH 4 -N leaching quantities and speed of PCB. As coating or crosslinking materials, polyurethane polymers mixed with fertilizers (such as urea) could implement internal nitrogen slow release at a constant speed and increase the release longevity of fertilizers [ 28 ].…”

A V(iii)-induced metallogel with solvent stimuli-responsive properties: structural proof-of-concept with MD simulations

“…With this in mind, a methanol detector for screening in the toxic range could serve a major cause and help prevent methanol poisoning outbreaks. While some methods such as near-infrared assays, [7][8][9][10] Raman spectroscopy, [9][10][11] enzymatic methods, [12][13][14] and chromatography, 2,15-21 have been used to gure out alcohol content and detect methanol-spiked liquor, most of the methods are expensive and rarely accessible [9][10][11]14,21 in developing countries where the majority of methanol poisoning outbreaks happen.…”