Simulator design and instructional features for carrier landing: A field transfer study.

Westra, D. P.; Lintern, G.; Sheppard, D. J.; Thomley, K. E.

doi:10.1037/e404192004-001

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There are numerous studies that show performance assessment is critical to effective simulator training (Benton et al, 92;Caro and Isley, 1966;Caro et al, 1984;Connolly et al, 1989;Copenhaver et al, 1996;Dohma, 1995;Guckenberger et al, 1993;Hettinger et al, 1994Hettinger et al, , 1995Jorna et al, 1992;Jacobs et al, 1990;Marcus and Curran, 1988; McCaulley and Cotton, 1982;Orlansky et al, 1997; Roscoe and Williges, 1980; Sterling, 1993a,b;Spears, 1983;Thomas et al, 1990;Westra et al, 1981;Westra et al, 1988). Performance measures may include simple functions such as listing the order in which a user activates a sequence of switches, or may involve sophisticated, computer-based systems that can evaluate users in a complex, distributed virtual environment.…”

Section: Performance Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bulk of data show that physical (also known as 'objective') fidelity is not a requirement for successful simulation-based training (Advisory Group, 1980;Benton et al, 1992;Boldovici, 1987; Carretta and Dunlop, 1988;Copenhaver et al, 1996;Cyrus, 1978;Dixon and Curry, 1990;Dohma, 1995;Durall et al, 1978;Edwards, 1986;Hays and Singer, 1989; Hays et al, 1992a,b;Knerr et al, 1986; Lees and Bussolari, 1989;Lintern, 1980;Lintern et al, 1987;Lintern et al, 1989; Linterri et al, 1997;Loesch and Waddell, 1979;Martin, 1981; Martin and Waag, 1978a,b; Martin and Cataneo, 1982;McDaniel et al, 1983;Micheli, 1972;Montemerlo, 1977;Moroney and Moroney, 1998;Nataupsky et al, 1979;Orlansky et al, 1997;Pfeiffer, 1983;Rankin et al, 1984;Ryan et al, 1978;Voss et al, 1970;Waag, 1980;Westra et al, 1981;Westra et al, 1982;Westra et al, 1988;Westra, 1982).…”

Section: Fidelitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sterling (1996) was selected because it emphasizes the importance of case studies for simulation-based training. Taylor et al (1997) was included because it shows the efficacy of low fidelity PC-based trainers, and Westra et al (1988) shows the value of low fidelity visual displays for simulation training. This report provides a consensus review of the fidelity requirements for flight simulation.…”

Section: Synopses Of Selected Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-analysis and Planning of SIMTRAUMA: Medical Simulation for Combat Trauma

Champion¹,

Higgins²

2000

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 074-0188Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503 AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) REPORT DATE June 2000 REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVEREDFinal(12 May 99 -11 May 00) TITLE AND SUBTITLEMeta-Analysis and Planning of SIMTRAUMA: Medical Simulation for Combat Trauma Training AUTHORJS)Howard R. Champion Gerald A. Higgins PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES). SUPPLEMENTARY NOTESReport contains color graphics. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for PublicRelease; Distribution Unlimited 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 Words)An analysis of military use of non medical simulators has been carried out for the purpose of strategically directing the use of simulation in medicine. The United States Department of Defense has placed an increasing reliance on the use of simulators to train and sustain all manner of skills. This experience is documented by numerous studies attesting to the efficacy of trainers and the cost benefits of simulators. In addition, the range of skills to be trained is effectively broadened by the scope of situations that can be addressed by simulators and the accuracy with which performance can be measured.Technological advances make feasible the introduction of simulation into medicine with the potential for improved training at reduced cost and reduction of medical error. Important lessons need to be learned from the military simulation experience so that the most costeffective application of emerging technologies can be strategically sought for medical simulation. One area of particular benefit to the military medical domain will be substantial improvements in combat trauma readiness. A strategic plan for development of medical simulation in the military are advanced in the report. SUBJECT TERMSBiodefense, Neurotoxin _X_ Where copyrighted material is quoted, permission has been obtained to use such material (permission requested).Where material from documents designated for limited distribution is quoted, permission has been obtained to use the material.X Citations of commercial organizations and trade names in this report do not constitute an official Department of Army endorsement or approval of the products or services of these organizations. N/A In conducting research using animals, the investigator(s) adhered to the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals," prepa...

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Section: Performance Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fidelitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synopses Of Selected Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-analysis and Planning of SIMTRAUMA: Medical Simulation for Combat Trauma

Champion¹,

Higgins²

2000

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…Since the mid-1980s, several studies have examined transfer and/or quasi-transfer of training of flying skills (Lintern & Garrison, 1992;Lintern, Roscoe, Koonce, & Segal, 1990;Lintern, Roscoe, & Sivier, 1990;Lintern, Sheppard, Parker, Yates, & Nolan, 1989;Lintern, Taylor, Koonce, Kaiser, & Morrison, 1997;Lintern, Thomley-Yates, Nelson, & Roscoe, 1987;Pfeiffer, Horey, & Butrimas, 1991;Taylor, Lintern, & Koonce, 1993;Westra, et al, 1986;Wightman & Sistrunk, 1987). Although simulators have been used to train several aspects of flying (e.g., takeoff, landing, instruments, control), by far, the most frequently investigated use of simulators was for training landing skills.…”

Section: Recent Studies: 1987 To 1997mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with meta-analytic results found in Hays et al (1992), several subsequent studies have shown simulators to be effective for training landing skills. Westra et al (1986) examined the effects of simulator design features on the training effectiveness of the skill required for landing on aircraft carriers. They compared night (i.e., low detail) versus daytime (i.e., high detail) scenes crossed with wide versus narrow field of view.…”

Section: Recent Studies: 1987 To 1997mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer of Training Effectiveness in Flight Simulation: 1986 to 1997.

Carretta¹,

Dunlap²

1998

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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)The purpose of this report was to review recent studies regarding the effectiveness of flight simulators as augmentation for "hands-on" flying training. Simulation-based training has been proposed to reduce costs, extend aircraft life, maintain flying proficiency, and provide more effective training, especially in areas difficult to train in operational aircraft. A review of the literature from 1986 to 1997 identified 67 articles, conference papers, and technical reports regarding simulator flying training and transfer. Of these, only 13 were related directly to transfer of training from the simulator to the aircraft. Studies of simulator effectiveness for training landing skills constituted a majority of the transfer studies, although a few examined other flying skills such as radial bombing accuracy and instrument and flight control. Results indicate that simulators are useful for training landing skills, bombing accuracy, and instrument and flight control. Generally, as the number of simulated sorties increases, performance improves, but this gain levels off after approximately 25 missions. Further, several studies indicate that successful transfer may not require high-fidelity simulators or whole-task training, thus reducing simulator development costs. Evaluation of this literature is difficult for many reasons. Typically, researchers fail to report sufficient detail regarding research methods, training characteristics, and simulator fidelity. In addition to these methodological concerns, there is a lack of true simulator-to-aircraft transfer studies involving complex pilot skills. This may be due to problems such as inadequate simulator design, cost, and availability, and access to simulators in operational flying units. Future directions in simulator transfer of training are discussed.

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Simulator design and instructional features for carrier landing: A field transfer study.

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Meta-analysis and Planning of SIMTRAUMA: Medical Simulation for Combat Trauma

Meta-analysis and Planning of SIMTRAUMA: Medical Simulation for Combat Trauma

Transfer of Training Effectiveness in Flight Simulation: 1986 to 1997.

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