Simulations of Halos Produced by Carbon Dioxide Ice Crystals in the Martian Atmosphere

Ding, Jiachen; Yang, Ping; Lemmon, M. T.; Zhang, Yuheng

doi:10.1029/2023gl103457

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…These CO 2 ice particles are most likely composed of crystalline CO 2 ice-I and will likely have a cubic, octahedral, or cubo-octahedral shape (Mangan, Salzmann, et al, 2017). These clouds may also produce halos that are unique to carbon dioxide crystals, as recently suggested for Mars (Ding et al, 2023). To an observer, VMCs might appear similar to cirrus uncinus (mares' tails) on Earth where nucleation occurs close to the temperature minimum, followed by sedimentation and growth and subsequent sublimation of the ice crystals as they fall into a subsaturated warmer region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ephemeral Ice Clouds in the Upper Mesosphere of Venus

Murray,

Mangan,

Määttänen

et al. 2023

JGR Planets

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The conditions in Venus' upper mesosphere at around 120 km have some similarities to the upper mesosphere of Earth and Mars where ice clouds form. Here we show, using published satellite products and numerical modeling, that the upper mesosphere of Venus can be sufficiently cold that both H2O and CO2 may condense to form particles. We show that amorphous solid water particles (ASW) are likely to nucleate both heterogeneously on meteoric smoke and also homogeneously, resulting in clouds of nano‐scaled particles at around 120 km that will occur globally. The temperatures may then become sufficiently low, below ∼90 K, that CO2 particles can nucleate on ASW particles. Given the uncertainty associated with retrievals of temperature in the upper mesosphere, it is unclear how frequently this occurs, but it could be >30% of the time poleward of 60°. Since the main component of Venus' tenuous atmosphere is CO2, any CO2 crystals that form will grow and sediment on a timescale of 10–20 min. Mie calculations show that these Venusian mesospheric clouds (VMCs) should be observable by contemporary satellite instruments, although their short lifetime means that the probability of detection is small. We suggest that VMCs are important for the redistribution of meteoric smoke and may serve as a cold‐trap, removing some water vapor from the very upper mesosphere of Venus through the growth and sedimentation of cloud particles, and possibly reducing the loss of water to space.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ephemeral Ice Clouds in the Upper Mesosphere of Venus

Murray,

Mangan,

Määttänen

et al. 2023

JGR Planets

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On the relation between ice-crystal scattering phase function at 180° and particle size: implication to lidar-based remote sensing of cirrus clouds

Ding¹,

Yang

Videen

2023

Opt. Express

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The lack of knowledge of the relation between a lidar backscatter signal and particle size makes it challenging to retrieve ice-cloud particle size from spaceborne lidar observations. This study employs a synergistic combination of the state-of-the-art invariant imbedding T-matrix method and the physical geometric-optics method (PGOM) to investigate the relation between the ice-crystal scattering phase function at 180° (P11(180°)) and particle size (L) for typical ice-crystal shapes. In particular, the P11(180°) −L relation is quantitatively analyzed. The dependence of the P11(180°) −L relation on particle shape can be used with spaceborne lidar observations to detect ice-cloud particle shapes.

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Peregrinations on the Study of the Optical Properties of Nonspherical Particles

Yang,

Kattawar

2023

The Texas Journal of Science

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Dr. Ping Yang is University Distinguished Professor and holds the David Bullock Harris Chair in geosciences at Texas A&M University (TAMU), where he currently serves as the Senior Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies in the College of Arts and Sciences. He previously served as Department Head of Atmospheric Sciences (2012-2018) and Associate Dean for Research (2019-2022) in the College of Geosciences at TAMU. Dr. Yang has supervised/co-supervised 30 doctoral dissertations and 20 master’s degree theses. He has published 366 peer-reviewed journal papers, thirteen invited book chapters, and four books. His publications have been cited 24,144 times (Google Scholar)/15,974 times (Web of Science) with an H-index of 79 (Google Scholar)/62 (Web of Science), as of 26 Sept 2023. His research focuses on light scattering, radiative transfer, and remote sensing. Since joining TAMU, Yang has been extramurally funded for 83 research projects. Yang is a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), OPTICA (formerly the Optical Society of America), The Electromagnetics Academy, the American Geophysical Union (AGU), the American Meteorological Society (AMS), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Yang received a number of awards/honors, including the NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (2017), the Ascent Award by the AGU Atmospheric Science Section (2013), the David and Lucille Atlas Remote Sensing Prize by AMS (2020), and the van de Hulst Light-Scattering Award by Elsevier (2022), and a university-level faculty research award (2017) bestowed by The TAMU Association of Former Students (AFS). Dr. Yang was an elected member of the International Radiation Commission (IRC) under the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (2012-2020) and was appointed as one of the 16 members of the U.S. National Research Council-Space Studies Board's Committee on Earth Science and Applications from Space (October 2018- June 2022). He has served as an editor of the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (2015-2020) and currently serves as an Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer and an editor of the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres. Dr. George W. Kattawar is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Physics & Astronomy and the Institute of Quantum Science & Engineering at Texas A&M University. He is an internationally renowned expert in radiative transfer and light scattering dealing with full Mueller matrix/Stokes vector processes. He has made significant contributions in using radiative transfer in such diverse areas as biomedical optics, planetary atmospheres, cloud and aerosol property studies related to climate studies, invisibility cloaking, ultrashort laser propagation in water, and anthrax detection. To list just a few among his seminal contributions, he was the first to show that the clouds of Venus were not water, which was the view held by two eminent scientists Carl Sagan and Richard Goody. It was this seminal work which led to the ultimate determination of the Venus cloud composition. He is one of the first researchers to apply Monte Carlo techniques to radiative transfer in planetary atmospheres. This technique is now being used by researchers all over the world and is also now being used in medical physics. He gave the first correct explanation of the “Ring effect” which had remained an enigma for over twenty years. This paper was designated by a world-renowned scientist at NASA to be the best paper of the decade in atmospheric science. Dr. Kattawar and his collaborators developed one of the most powerful time dependent, three-dimensional Monte Carlo codes capable of handling full Mueller matrix solutions for a coupled atmosphere-ocean system with a fully stochastic interface. This code will become the “Gold Standard” for all future researchers in biomedical, atmospheric, and oceanic optics. He is one of the first to show that nonspherical objects can be made totally invisible if the optical properties are selected in the right way. Dr. Kattawar received many awards and recognitions, including Fellow of the Optical Society of America (1976); Amoco Foundation Teaching Excellence Award (1981); Teacher/Scholar Award (1990), Nils Gunnar Jerlov Award (2014), and van de Hulst Light Scattering Award (2015); He was also elected for two, three-year terms on the Committee on Recommendations for U.S. Army Basic Scientific Research under the National Research Council. He is a former Associate Editor of the Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans and a former Associate Editor of the Journal of Transport Theory and Statistical Physics. He was selected to be editor of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Milestone Series on “Multiple Scattering in Plane Parallel Atmospheres and Oceans: Techniques”. He was selected (2009) to serve on the External Advisory Board of the Stevens Institute of Technology to assess their engineering and science programs. He was appointed as Academic Advisor of the Board of Directors of the Texas Academy of Science. He was selected by Applied Optics as one of the 50 most prolific authors in the last 50 years.

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Simulations of Halos Produced by Carbon Dioxide Ice Crystals in the Martian Atmosphere

Abstract: The atmosphere of Mars contains approximately 95% carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas. Many remote sensing observations have proved the existence of CO 2 ice clouds in the mesosphere or upper atmosphere of Mars (e.g.

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Ephemeral Ice Clouds in the Upper Mesosphere of Venus

Ephemeral Ice Clouds in the Upper Mesosphere of Venus

On the relation between ice-crystal scattering phase function at 180° and particle size: implication to lidar-based remote sensing of cirrus clouds

Peregrinations on the Study of the Optical Properties of Nonspherical Particles

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