Simulations of flow around a cubical building: comparison with towing-tank data and assessment of radiatively induced thermal effects

Smith, W. S.; Reisner, Jon; Kao, C.Y.J.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(01)00177-7

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Additionally, some researchers also indicated that the influence of solar radiation has significant influence on pollutant diffusion inside street canyons (Sini et al, 1996;Smith et al, 2001;Xie et al, 2005). These studies reveal that the differential heating of street surfaces due to solar radiation can largely influence the flow's capability to transport and exchange pollutants.…”

Section: Inflow Boundary Conditionmentioning

confidence: 91%

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion in the urban environment: A review of current modeling techniques

Tominaga

Stathopoulos

2013

Atmospheric Environment

404

158

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h i g h l i g h t s CFD simulations of near-field dispersion in the urban environment are reviewed. Key features of near-field pollutant dispersion are identified and discussed. To understand inherent strengths and limitations of numerical models is important. Careful model evaluation while paying attention to their uncertainty is necessary. a b s t r a c tNear-field pollutant dispersion in the urban environment involves the interaction of a plume and the flow field perturbed by building obstacles. In the past two decades, micro-scale Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of pollutant dispersion around buildings and in urban areas has been widely used, sometimes in lieu of wind tunnel testing. This paper reviews current modeling techniques in CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion in urban environments and discusses the findings to give insight into future applications. Key features of near-field pollutant dispersion around buildings from previous studies, i.e., three-dimensionality of mean flow, unsteadiness of large-scale flow structure, and anisotropy of turbulent scalar fluxes, are identified and discussed. This review highlights that it is important to choose appropriate numerical models and boundary conditions by understanding their inherent strengths and limitations. Furthermore, the importance of model evaluation was emphasized. Because pollutant concentrations around buildings can vary by orders of magnitudes in time and space, the model evaluation should be performed carefully, while paying attention to their uncertainty. Although CFD has significant potential, it is important to understand the underlying theory and limitations of a model in order to appropriately investigate the dispersion phenomena in question.

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Section: Inflow Boundary Conditionmentioning

confidence: 91%

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion in the urban environment: A review of current modeling techniques

Tominaga

Stathopoulos

2013

Atmospheric Environment

404

158

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“…Several attempts have been made to simulate surfacemounted cubes, either as isolated structures or a periodic array, using CFD models [18][19][20]. Despite their simplicity, isolated surface-mounted cubes within a well-developed wind flow can reproduce the most salient features of wind flow around real buildings, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wind tunnel experiments have been more commonly used to simulate atmospheric flows [29], although water tank experiments have also been used in the past [18]. In addition to reduced-scale setups, full-scale experiments around real buildings have been used for numerical model validation [30].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Model Inter-comparison for Wind Flow and Turbulence Around Single-Block Buildings

Vardoulakis

Dimitrova

Richards³

et al. 2010

Environ Model Assess

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Wind flow and turbulence within the urban canopy layer can influence the heating and ventilation of buildings, affecting the health and comfort of pedestrians, commuters and building occupants. In addition, the predictive capability of pollutant dispersion models is heavily dependent on wind flow models. For that reason, well-validated microscale models are needed for the simulation of wind fields within built-up urban microenvironments. To address this need, an inter-comparison study of several such models was carried out within the European research network ATREUS. This work was conducted as part of an evaluation study for microscale numerical models, so they could be further implemented to provide reliable wind fields for building energy simulation and pollutant dispersion codes. Four computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models (CHENSI, MIMO, VADIS and FLUENT) were applied to reduced-scale single-block buildings, for which quality-assured and fully documented experimental data were obtained. Simulated wind and turbulence fields around two surface-mounted cubes of different dimensions and wall roughness were compared against experimental data produced in the wind tunnels of the Meteorological Institute of Hamburg University under different inflow and boundary conditions. The models reproduced reasonably well the general flow patterns around the single-block buildings, although over-predictions of the turbulent kinetic energy were observed near stagnation points in the upwind impingement region. Certain discrepancies between the CFD models were also identified and interpreted. Finally, some general recommendations for CFD model evaluation and use in environmental applications are presented

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“…However, these possible model weaknesses most probably are less important than, for example, the always needed simplifications of the actual geometry in a city. It should also be noted that vehicle movements (Gidhagen et al, 2004), vegetation (Gayev and Savory, 1999) and radiative heating (Smith et al, 2001) influence turbulence and flow, but are not considered.…”

Section: Flow Conditions and Dispersion Of Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Various consequences regarding hypothetical dispersion of airborne radioactivity in a city center

Jonsson

Plamboeck

Johansson

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Simulations of flow around a cubical building: comparison with towing-tank data and assessment of radiatively induced thermal effects

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion in the urban environment: A review of current modeling techniques

CFD simulation of near-field pollutant dispersion in the urban environment: A review of current modeling techniques

Numerical Model Inter-comparison for Wind Flow and Turbulence Around Single-Block Buildings

Various consequences regarding hypothetical dispersion of airborne radioactivity in a city center

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