Simulation of wind-generated surface waves and effects of bubbles on scattering, transmission, and attenuation of low frequency sound at the sea surface

Ghadimi, Parviz; Checkab, Mohammad A. Feizi; Bolghasi, Alireza

doi:10.1007/s40430-016-0676-6

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Although these theories suggest a new approach towards sound transmission through the air-water interface, for practical applications in the ocean, it is imperative to consider a more realistic air-water interface for obtaining accurate solutions. There are other theoretical [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and experimental 15,19,24,26,28,[29][30][31][32][33][34] approaches for sound transmission or/and scattering which consider the water-air interface which focus on the acoustic field in water due to the existence of powerful airborne noise sources such as helicopters, [31][32][33] propeller-driven aircraft [26][27][28]34 and supersonic transport. 24,25,27,28,35 Medwin and Hagy, 36 by solving Helmholtz integral and deriving the transmitted pressure to the second medium, studied sound transmission through air-water rough interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-frequency sound transmission through rough bubbly air–water interface at the sea surface

Bolghasi

Ghadimi

Chekab

2017

Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control

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Transmission of a sound generated by a localized point source in the air through a realistic sea surface is studied by the use of the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral. An earlier approach had been based on the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral which only considered the effects of rough surface. In the current study, not only the effect of the rough surface is taken into account but also the effects of subsurface bubbles are included in modeling the real phenomenon more accurately. In order to include the effects of subsurface bubble population, the classic relations of the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral are reformulated. Accordingly, a three-phase region of air, water, and bubbly water at the sea surface is analyzed, and the rough interface of bubbly water-air is discretized. Through considering an element area A i , the transmission coefficient T i , incident angle h li , transmitted angle h 3i , and local surface acoustical roughness R i are investigated for each individual element. Also, the effects of subsurface bubbles, transmission change as a function of frequency f, wind speed W, incident angle h, source/receiver position ratio (D/H), surface acoustical roughness, and subsurface bubble population are examined. Results of the modified Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral method display good agreement against available experimental data.

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